Yakanakisa Nhungamiro Yekumisikidza Nevanhu Kudyara (SRI)

1. Mhedziso yeSocially Responsible Investing (SRI)

Mumakore achangopfuura, socially responsible investing (SRI) yakawana kukosha kukuru sezvo vanoisa mari vachiwedzera kuziva kukosha kwekuenzanisa zvinangwa zvemari zvine chekuita nemagariro uye zvakatipoteredza. SRI inopfuura kungoita maitiro; isangano rinokura rinobatanidza zvakatipoteredza, zvemagariro, uye hutongi (ESG) zvinhu mukuita sarudzo kune vanoisa mari vanoda kwazvo kuita hunhu hwakanaka pasirese vasingaregere kudzoka kwemari. Nekukwira kwematambudziko epasi rose sekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kusaenzana, uye kutadza kwekutonga kwemakambani, vanoisa mari vari kutsvaga nzira dzekuita mutsauko vachichengetedza mapotifoliyo avo.

Kudyara zvine chekuita nemagariro kune chinangwa chekuenzanisa kudzoka kwemari nekufunga kwehunhu. Sezvo kuziva kwekusimba uye mutoro wekambani uchikura, vanoisa mari vari kuwedzera kukoshesa makambani uye mari dzinoratidza kushanda kwakasimba kweESG. Iyi nzira inoreva shanduko kubva kune yechinyakare inivhesitimendi nzira iyo inongotarisa pakuwedzera purofiti kune yakawedzera holistic modhi inoongorora makambani pamagariro avo uye nharaunda.

1.1. Tsanangura Socially Responsible Investing (SRI) uye Mhando Dzayo Dzakasiyana

Socially responsible investing (SRI) inoreva kudyara nzira iyo inotsvaga kuunza zvese kudzoka kwemari uye zvemagariro kana zvakatipoteredza zvakanaka. Uzivi huri pasi peSRI ndehwekushandisa mari yekudyara sechishandiso chekukurudzira shanduko dzakanaka munharaunda, nemakambani anopa mari nemapurojekiti anosimudzira tsika, zvakatipoteredza, uye magariro.

SRI inogona kutora mafomu akasiyana, kusanganisira:

Negative Screening: Izvi zvinosanganisira kusasanganisa makambani kana masekete kubva mukudyara mari zvichienderana nemaitiro asina kunaka kana zvigadzirwa, zvakaita sefodya, kugadzira zvombo, kana mafuta emafuta. Vanoisa mari vanoshandisa kutarisisa zvisina kunaka vanongwarira kutsigira maindasitiri avanoona seanokuvadza.

Positive Screening: Kusiyana neizvi, kuongorora kwakanaka kunokurudzira kuisa mari mumakambani anoonekwa sevatungamiriri mumabasa emagariro. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kunanga makambani anoisa pamberi pesimba rinodzokororwa, siyana, kana tsika dzebasa. Aya mabhizinesi anowanzo kuenderana neveinvestieri 'etsika tsika uye anobatsira kune yakanaka shanduko yemagariro.

Thematic Investing: Iyi fomu yeSRI inotarisa pakudyara mune chaiwo madingindira kana zvikamu zvinotarisana nezvimwe zvemagariro kana zvezvakatipoteredza. Semuyenzaniso, mari yekudyara inogona kusanganisira mari yakatarisana nesimba rakachena, dzimba dzinodhura, kana kuenzana kwevakadzi.

Impact Investing: Iri zano rinoenda rimwe nhanho nekunangana nekudyara kwakagadzirirwa kuburitsa zvinoyerwa zvakanaka munharaunda kana nharaunda, pamwe nekudzoka kwemari. Kudyara mari kunowanzo kuteverwa nevanoisa mari mumasangano uye nheyo dzinovavarira kugadzirisa matambudziko epasi rose kuburikidza nemaitiro avo ekudyara.

ESG Kubatanidzwa: Kudyara kweESG kunobatanidza zvakatipoteredza, zvemagariro, uye zvekutonga zvinhu mukuongorora kwemari uye maitiro ekuita sarudzo. Vagadziri vemari vanoongorora makambani zvichienderana nekuita kwavo kweESG, kuwedzera kune echinyakare mari metrics. Kusiyana nekutarisa kwakashata kana kwakanaka, kubatanidzwa kweESG kunoongorora zvese njodzi nemikana ine chekuita nenyaya dzekusimudzira.

1.2. Tsanangura kukosha kwekutarisa ESG Factors

Kusanganisirwa kwezvinhu zveESG muzvisarudzo zvekudyara kwakakosha pakuita kwemari uye kusimba kwenguva refu. ESG zvinhu zvinopa ruzivo mukugona kwekambani kubata njodzi uye kushandisa mukana pamikana, kunyanya iyo inomuka kubva kune megatrends yepasi rose senge shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, shanduko yemitemo, uye kushandura zvido zvevatengi. Vanoisa mari vanofunga nezveESG zvinhu vanowanzo shongedzerwa zvirinani kuona njodzi dzinogona kukanganisa kukosha kwenguva refu kwekudyara kwavo.

Semuenzaniso, kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunounza zvakanyanya ngozi kumaindasitiri anovimba nemafuta ezvicherwa, nepo makambani anotarisisa simba rinodzokororwa anogona kuona kukura kwakanyanya mumakumi emakore ari kuuya. Saizvozvowo, makambani ane mitemo yakasimba yemagariro evanhu, yakadai semaitiro akanaka ekushanda uye kusiyana-siyana, vanogona kubatsirwa kubva pakugutsikana kwevashandi, kuderedzwa kwemari, uye kuvimbika kwemhando yakasimba. Zvinhu zvehutongi, zvakaita sekujeka, muripo wevakuru, uye kusiyana kwebhodhi, zvinoitawo basa rakakosha mukuona kuti kambani inotungamirwa nemazvo uye zvine hutsika.

Kufunga nezveESG zvinhu zvinogona zvakare kubatsira vanoisa mari kuti vadzivise makambani ari kuita zvinonyadzisa, kutyorwa kwemitemo, kana kumwe kukanganisa kwetsika kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwemari kana kukuvadzwa kwezita. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, makambani ane maitiro akasimba eESG anowedzera kusimba munguva dzenhamo uye anoiswa zviri nani pakubudirira kwenguva refu.

Uyezve, maitiro evatengi ari kuchinjika kune kusimudzira, nekuwedzera chinodikanwa zvezvigadzirwa nemasevhisi anoenderana nehunhu hwakanaka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, makambani anotungamira ESG zvinhu anowanzo kukwezva vatengi vakavimbika uye kuwana muganho wemakwikwi. Nenzira iyi, kufunga nezveESG zvinhu hazvisi zvekungozvibata - isarudzo yakangwara yemari.

2. Kunzwisisa ESG Factors

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) zvinhu ndiwo mbiru dzinotsigira kudyara zvine chekuita nemagariro. Vanopa hurongwa kuburikidza nevanoisa mari kuti vaongorore maitiro ekambani uye maitiro ekuchengetedza. Chikamu chega chega chinogadzirisa zvinonetsa zvinokanganisa mashandiro ekambani, pesvedzero yemagariro, uye nhoroondo yenjodzi yenguva refu. ESG zvinhu zvakakosha kune vanoisa mari vachivavarira kubatanidza zvakakura zvemagariro uye zvezvakatipoteredza mukuita kwavo sarudzo, sezvo vachipa kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwemashandiro anoita kambani muhupfumi hwenyika hwanhasi.

2.1.Environmental Factors

Zvemamiriro ekunze zvinoreva mabatiro anoita kambani nharaunda yakasikwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira marongero, maitiro, uye kuita kwakazara zvine chekuita nenyaya dzakaita sekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kusvibiswa kwemhepo, uye manejimendi ezviwanikwa. Nekuwedzera kwekuziva kwekushatiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye nekukasira kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, vanoisa mari nevatori vechikamu vari kukoshesa mabhizinesi akazvipira kudzikamisa tsoka yavo yezvakatipoteredza uye kubatsira mukuchengetedza ecosystem.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvakatipoteredza zvinosanganisira:

• Kuderedza Kuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze uye Kuchinja: Makambani ari kuramba achitarisirwa kutora nzira dzinoderedza kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse, sekudyara musimba rinowanikwazve, kuvandudza simba remagetsi, uye kuderedza marara. Pamusoro pezvo, mabhizinesi anofanirwa kunge akagadzirira kuenderana nemhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, sekukwira kwemvura yegungwa uye mamiriro ekunze akanyanya. Vanodyara mari vanoona makambani ari kusimba mune izvi seanosimba zvakanyanya mukutarisana nenjodzi kwezvakatipoteredza.
• Resource Conservation and Management: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuti kambani inoshandisa nemazvo zviwanikwa zvakaita semvura, zvicherwa, uye simba. Vagadziri vemari vari kuwedzera kufarira makambani anoderedza kutambisa zviwanikwa, kutora maitiro ekutsvaga, uye kushandisa zviwanikwa zvinogoneka. Semuyenzaniso, mabhizinesi anoshandisa denderedzwa mamodheru ehupfumi — kudzokorodza uye kushandisazve zvinhu — anoonekwa seanoenderera mberi kwenguva refu.
• Kusvibisa uye Kuderedza Marara: Makambani anotarisirwa kudzikisira mipiro yaanoita mukusvibiswa kwemhepo, mvura, uye ivhu, pamwe nekugadzirisa marara nemazvo. Kuderedza kuburitsa kunokuvadza uye kuderedza marara hakungobatsiri kuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza asi kunogonawo kuderedza mitengo nenjodzi dzekutonga. Mafemu anoshandisa matekinoroji ekudzikisa kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza anowanzo kukwezva vanoisa mari mumagariro.
• Biodiversity uye Kushandiswa kweNyika: Vanoisa mari vanotarisawo maitiro ekambani pane zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvipenyu, uye kushandiswa kwevhu. Kutemwa kwemasango, kuparadzwa kwepekugara, uye kushandiswa kwemakemikari anokuvadza anokanganisa mhuka dzesango inyaya dzakakosha dzinoiswa nevashambadzi muongororo yavo. Makambani anoisa pamberi pekuchengetedzwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye kushandiswa zvine hunyanzvi kwevhu kunofarirwa munzvimbo yeSRI.

2.2. Social Factors

Zvemagariro zvinogadzirisa mabatiro anoita kambani hukama nevashandi vayo, vatengesi, vatengi, uye nharaunda kwainoshanda. Chikwata ichi chinotarisa kubatsira kwekambani munharaunda uye kugona kwayo kuchengetedza maitiro akanaka muhupenyu hwevanhu.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvemagariro zvinosanganisira:

• Kodzero dzeVashandi uye Mamiriro Ekushanda: Vanoisa mari vanotarisira kuti makambani aremekedze kodzero dzevashandi, ape mamiriro ekushanda akachengeteka uye akaenzana, uye kupa mibairo inokwikwidza. Mabatirwo evashandi, kusanganisira kusiyana uye maitiro ekubatanidza, inzvimbo yakakosha yekutarisa. Makambani anoremekedza kodzero dzevashandi uye anosimudzira tsika dzakanaka dzepabasa anowanzo kuve akashongedzerwa zviri nani kukwezva nekuchengetedza tarenda repamusoro.
• Kodzero Dzevanhu: Makambani anoshanda pasi rose anofanirwa kuona kuti anoremekedza kodzero dzevanhu mukushanda kwavo uye cheni dzekugovera. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudzivisa basa rechibharo, kushandiswa kwevana, uye dzimwe nzira dzokubiridzira. Vanoisa mari vari kuramba vachiita kuti makambani azvidavirire pamusoro pebasa raanoita mukusimudzira kodzero dzevanhu, kunyanya munyika umo mitemo yevashandi inogona kunge isina kusimba kana kusateedzerwa.
• Nharaunda Kubatanidzwa: Vagadziri vemari vanoongorora kuti kambani inodyidzana sei nenharaunda kwainoshanda mairi. Mabhizinesi anotsigira hupfumi hwenzvimbo, kuita mabasa ekupa rubatsiro, uye kuisa mari muzvirongwa zvemagariro anoonekwa sevagari vemakambani vane mutoro. Kubatana kwakasimba kwenharaunda kunogona kuvandudza mukurumbira wekambani uye kukurudzira kukura kwenguva refu.
• Basa reChigadzirwa uye Kuchengetedzwa kweMutengi: Makambani anotarisirwa kukoshesa kuchengetedzeka uye mhando yezvigadzirwa nemasevhisi avo. Vagadziri vemari vanofarira makambani anoomerera kune yakakwira chengetedzo zviyero, inopa pachena maererano nekutsvaga kwezvigadzirwa zvavo uye kugadzira, uye nekuita kugadzirisa chero nyaya dzine chekuita nekuchengetedzwa kwechigadzirwa. Ichi chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mumaindasitiri akadai sehutano, zvinhu zvevatengi, uye tekinoroji.

2.3. Utongi Zvinhu

Hutongi zvinhu zvinoreva maitiro emukati uye marongero anoita kuti kambani inotungamirwa zvine hutsika uye pachena. Vagadziri vemari vanoongorora nyaya dzehutongi nekuti hutongi husina kunaka hunogona kutungamira mukunyomba, kurasikirwa kwemari, uye kukuvadza mukurumbira kwenguva refu.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekutonga zvinosanganisira:

• Bhodhi Kusiyana uye Kuzvimirira: Dare revatungamiri rinoshanda zvakanaka rakakosha pakutonga kwakanaka. Vagadziri vemari vanosarudza mabhodhi akasiyana-siyana maererano nevakadzi, dzinza, uye ruzivo, sezvo kusiyana uku kunowanzo tungamira mukuita sarudzo. Pamusoro pezvo, kuzvimirira kwebhodhi kwakakosha kudzivirira kukakavara kwechido uye kuona kuti kambani iri kuzvidavirira neboka risingasaruri.
• Executive Compensation: Vagadziri vemari vanoongorora kuti vatariri vanobhadharwa sei, vachitsvaga kuenzanirana pakati pemubhadharo wevakuru uye mashandiro ekambani, pamwe nezvinangwa zvayo zveESG. Muripo wakawandisa wakabviswa pamaitiro ekuita kana kushushikana kwehunhu kunogona kuve mureza mutsvuku kune vanoisa mari.
• Ethical Bhizinesi Maitiro: Makambani ane hunhu hwemabhizinesi akajeka, akatendeseka, uye ane hunhu anokosheswa nevanoita mari mumagariro. Izvi zvinosanganisira mitemo ine chekuita nechiokomuhomwe, huori, uye kutevedza mutemo. Mafemu anosimbisa maitiro ehutsika uye ane zvirongwa zvakasimba zvekuteerera anoonekwa seanogoneka mukufamba kwenguva.
• Shareholder Rights: Vagadziri vemari vanoda kuona kuti kodzero dzavo sevagovani dzadzivirirwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuburitsa pachena, nzira dzekuvhota dzakaenzanirana, uye kupindura kune zvinonetsa vagovani. Makambani anoremekedza uye anobatana nevagovani vavo vanowanzovimbika uye vanozvidavirira.

3. Kuziva Makambani Ane Basa Nevanhu

Kune vanoisa mari vanovavarira kubatanidza misimboti yekuisa mari munharaunda (SRI) mumapotifolio avo, dambudziko rinowanzo kuve mukuona makambani anonyatso ratidza kukosha kwezvakatipoteredza, zvemagariro, uye hutongi (ESG) mutoro. Nekukurumbira kuri kukura kweSRI, mamwe maturusi uye nzira dziripo kubatsira vanoisa mari kutsvagisa, skrini, uye kuongorora mabhizinesi anoenderana neESG maitiro. Ichi chikamu chinotarisa munzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa kuona makambani ane mutoro munharaunda, kubva pakutsvagisa nekuongorora maitiro kusvika kumazinga eESG nezviwanikwa zvepamhepo.

3.1. Tsvagiridzo uye Kuongorora Nzira

Pakucherekedza makambani ane mutoro munharaunda, vanoisa mari vanowanzo shandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekuongorora kusefa makambani asingaenderane nemaitiro avo ehunhu. Idzi nzira dzinobatsira vanoisa mari kuti vaone kuti mapotifoliyo avo anoratidza hunhu hwavo vachifunga nezvekuita kwemari.

Negative Screening: Imwe yenzira dzechinyakare uye dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muSRI ndeyekutarisa kwakashata, uko vanoisa mari vasingabatanidzi makambani kana maindasitiri anoonekwa seasina tsika. Izvi zvinosanganisira kusefa zvikamu zvakaita sefodya, pfuti, mafuta efosi, kana makambani ane chekuita nekutyora kodzero dzevanhu. Negative screening inzira yakatwasuka yekudzivirira kuratidzwa kumabhizinesi anopokana nehunhu hwemudzvanyiriri kana kwezvakatipoteredza.

Positive Screening: Positive screening inotora yakawedzera kuita maitiro nekuona makambani ari vatungamiriri veindasitiri mukuita kweESG. Iyi nzira inobvumira vanoisa mari kukoshesa makambani ari kushanda nesimba kuti aderedze maitiro ezvakatipoteredza, kuvandudza mamiriro ekushanda, kana kukurudzira kusiyana. Vanoisa mari vanoshandisa ongororo yakanaka vanotsvaga kupa mibairo mabhizinesi anoita zvakanaka mubasa rekambani uye anobatsira mukugara zvakanaka kwevanhu.

Yakanakisa-mu-Kirasi Maitiro: Musiyano wekutarisa kwakanaka ndiyo yakanakisa-mu-kirasi maitiro, ayo anosanganisira kusarudza vatambi vepamusoro mune imwe indasitiri zvichienderana neESG maitiro. Panzvimbo yekusabvisa maindasitiri ese (semukuongororwa kwakashata), nzira iyi inobvumira vanoisa mari kuti vatsigire makambani ari kuedza kuvandudza maitiro avo mukati mechikamu chakati. Semuyenzaniso, yakanakisa-mu-kirasi zano inogona kutarisisa chikamu chesimba asi ichisanganisira chete iwo makambani ari kuita nhanho dzakakosha pakutora simba rinogoneka.

Norms-Based Screening: Vanoisa mari vanogonawo kushandisa ongororo yakavakirwa pamaitiro, iyo inosanganisira kuongorora makambani zvichienderana nekutevedzera kwavo zvimiro netsika dzepasi rose, zvakaita seUnited Nations Global Compact kana misimboti yeInternational Labour Organisation. Iyi nzira inobatsira vanoisa mari kuti vaone kuti makambani avanotsigira anotsigira zvinozivikanwa zvakanyanya tsika uye kodzero dzevanhu.

3.2. ESG Ratings uye Data Vanopa

ESG ratings uye vanopa data vave maturusi akakosha ekuona uye kuongorora makambani ane chekuita nemagariro. Aya masangano anounganidza data pamashandiro emakambani eESG, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kune vanoisa mari kuti vaone kuti mabhizinesi anokwana sei kumaitiro eESG. Nekushandisa zviyero izvi, vanoisa mari vanogona kuwana nzwisiso muchimiro chekambani chetsika uye maitiro ekusimudzira.

Yakakurumbira ESG chiyero uye vanopa data vanosanganisira:

Tsvagiridzo yeMSCI ESG: MSCI ndomumwe wevanotungamira vanopa ESG ratings, inopa yakadzama kuongororwa kwezviuru zvemakambani pasi rose. Zviyero zvaro zvinotarisa pakuona kuti makambani anotonga sei njodzi dzeESG nemikana, kubatsira vanoisa mari kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo. MSCI inoyera makambani pachiyero kubva kuAAA (vatungamiri) kuenda kuCCC (laggards), zvichienderana nekuita kwavo kweESG kune vezera ravo.

Sustainlytics: Sustainlytics imwe inotariswa zvakanaka ESG yekutsvagisa uye ratings femu. Inoongorora makambani zvichienderana nekuratidzwa kwavo kune njodzi dzeESG uye nemabatiro avanoita njodzi idzi. Sustainlytics inopa njodzi-based scoring system, ine zvibodzwa zvakaderera zvinoratidza manejimendi ari nani enyaya dzeESG.

FTSE Russell ESG Ratings: FTSE Russell inopa zviyero zveESG zvinoenderana nemaitiro ane chekuita nemamiriro ekunze, magariro, uye hutongi hwekuita. Aya maresheni anoshandiswa nevashambadziri kugadzira indexes uye mari inotarisa pane ESG-inofambiswa portfolios.

Bloomberg ESG Data Services: Bloomberg inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwe data reESG, kusanganisira mishumo yekambani, kuburitswa kwezvakatipoteredza, uye metric yekutonga. Chikuva chayo chinopa chishandiso chakakwana kune vanoisa mari vanoda kubatanidza ESG zvinhu muongororo yavo yemari.

Refinitiv (yaimbova Thomson Reuters): Refinitiv inopa ESG dhata uye zvibodzwa zvinoenderana nemazana emunhu metrics, anofukidza huwandu hwemaindasitiri. Vagadziri vemari vanogona kushandisa zvibodzwa izvi kuona makambani anosangana chaiwo ESG zviyero.

Ava vanopa data vanoita kuti zvive nyore kune vanoisa mari kuti vaongorore kuzvipira kwekambani kune mutoro wemagariro. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti zviyero zveESG zvinogona kusiyana pakati pevanopa nekuda kwekusiyana kwemaitiro, saka muchinjika-referencing ratings kubva kwakawanda masosi inogona kupa imwe nuanced maonero.

3.3. Online Zviwanikwa uye Databases

Kuwedzera kune ESG zviyero uye vanopa data, akati wandei epamhepo zviwanikwa uye dhatabhesi zvinogona kubatsira vanoisa mari mukuona makambani ane chekuita nemagariro. Aya mapuratifomu anounganidza ruzivo rwakakwana nezve makambani 'ESG mashandiro, achipa vese vari vaviri vega uye vemasangano vane maturusi avanoda kuvaka mapotifolio akasimba.

Izvo Nheyo dzeUN dzeKutarisira Kudyara (PRI): Iyo PRI chirongwa chinopa zviwanikwa uye gwara kune vanoisa mari vari kutsvaga kuenzanisa mari yavo neESG nheyo. Ivo vanosaina vePRI vanozvipira kubatanidza zvinhu zveESG mukuita kwavo sarudzo, uye chikuva chinopa ruzivo rwekuti vangaongorora sei kusimba kwemakambani.

Iyo Global Reporting Initiative (GRI): GRI inoisa mwero wepasi rose wekuenderera mberi kushuma, ichibatsira makambani kuburitsa maitiro avo eESG mune yakajairika fomati. Vanoisa mari vanogona kushandisa mishumo yeGRI kuti vaone kuti makambani arikutarisira sei zvinangwa zvekusimudzira uye kuenzanisa kuita mumaindasitiri.

CDP (yaimbova Carbon Disclosure Project): CDP inopa ruzivo pamusoro pemaitiro emakambani ezvakatipoteredza, inotarisa kuburitsa kabhoni, kushandiswa kwemvura, uye kutemwa kwemasango. Vagadziri vemari vanogona kushandisa ruzivo urwu kuona makambani ari kushanda nesimba kuti aderedze kukanganisa kwavo kwezvakatipoteredza.

SASB (Sustainability Accounting Standards Board): SASB inopa zviyero kumakambani kuburitsa ruzivo rwemari ESG ruzivo. Vagadziri vemari vanogona kushandisa metrics eSASB kuongorora kuti nyaya dzeESG dzingakanganisa sei kuita kwemari kwekambani uye kuona vatungamiriri mumaitiro akasimba.

Corporate Knights 'Global 100: Rondedzero iyi inoburitsa makambani akasimba pasi rose anoenderana neakaomarara ESG maitiro. Vagadziri vemari vanogona kunongedzera runyorwa urwu kuti vawane makambani ari vatungamiriri vepasi rose mukusimudzirwa kwemakambani.

3.4. Kuongorora Kambani Mishumo uye Kuzivisa

Mishumo yekambani uye kuburitswa maturusi akakosha kune vanoisa mari vachitsvaga ruzivo rwakadzama mukuita kwekambani ESG. Pachena traded makambani, kunyanya ayo akazvipira kujeka uye kuenderera mberi, anowanzo kupa budiriro kana ESG mishumo sechikamu chekuzivisa kwavo kwegore.

Mishumo yakakosha uye kuburitswa zvinosanganisira:

Sustainability Reports: Makambani mazhinji anoburitsa mishumo yegore negore inotsanangura kufambira mberi kwavo pazvinangwa zvezvakatipoteredza, zvemagariro, uye zvekutonga. Mishumo iyi inogona kutsanangura nzira dzekudzikisa kabhoni, zvirongwa zvekusiyana, zvirongwa zvekusvika munharaunda, nezvimwe. Sustainability mishumo yakakosha pakunzwisisa chiono chenguva refu chekambani uye kuzvipira kune maitiro ane mutoro.

Integrated Reports: Yakabatanidzwa yekuzivisa inosanganisa data rezvemari neruzivo rweESG, ichipa maonero akazara ekuita kwekambani kwese. Nekubatanidza aya marudzi maviri e data, vanoisa mari vanogona kuongorora kuti maitiro ekambani ESG anobatsira sei kuhutano hwemari.

Mishumo Yegore Nezvemari: Pamusoro pekuzivisa kwakamira ESG, mishumo yemari yegore inowanzo sanganisira zvikamu zvehutongi, kutarisira ngozi, uye tsika. Mamwe makambani anosanganisira kuita kweESG mumafirita avo emari, kunyanya mumaindasitiri ane zvinhu izvi zvine mari (semuenzaniso, simba kana kugadzira).

Proxy Statements: Proxy statements inopa ruzivo rwemaitiro ekambani yekutonga, kusanganisira chimiro chebhodhi, muripo mukuru, uye kodzero dzekuvhota dzevagovani. Vanoisa mari vakatarisana nenyaya dzehutongi vanozoona zvakaburitswa izvi zvakakosha pakuongorora maitiro ekambani.

Vagadziri vemari vanogona kushandisa aya mareferensi kuyambuka-reference data kubva kuESG ratings vanopa, vachiwedzera kuve nechokwadi chekuti vari kuzivisa makambani ane yakasimba magariro uye nharaunda kuita.

4. Kuisa mari muSustainable Funds uye Bonds

Kuisa mari mumakambani ane mutoro wemagariro anogona kuitwa kuburikidza nesarudzo yemunhu wega stock, asi vazhinji vanoisa mari vanofarira zviri nyore uye diversification izvo zvinobva mukudyara mumari inoenderera uye zvisungo. Mari yakasimba uye mabhondi anobvumira vanoisa mari kuti vatsigire zvirongwa zvezvakatipoteredza uye zvemagariro vanhu vachitsvaga kudzoka kwemari. Ichi chikamu chinoongorora marudzi akasiyana emari inoenderera, maitiro ekuongorora maitiro avo, uye basa rinokura re zvisungo zvakasvibirira mune zvemari yakasimba.

4.1. Mhando dzeSustainable Funds

Mari inogoneka inosanganisira dzakasiyana siyana dzekudyara mota, imwe neimwe iine nzira yakasiyana yekubatanidza zvinhu zveESG muhurongwa hwavo. Idzi mari dzinopa sarudzo yakafara kune vanoisa mari vanoda kuwiriranisa mapotifolio avo nemagariro uye zvakatipoteredza hunhu, vachipa kuratidzwa kune akasiyana makirasi easset, zvikamu, uye misoro.

Equity Funds: Sustainable equity funds inodyara mumakambani anoratidza kushanda kwakasimba kweESG. Mari idzi dzinowanzo tarisa mumatanda yemakambani anosangana nemaitiro akasimba ane chekuita nebasa rezvakatipoteredza, hutongi hwejekerere, uye mitemo yekutonga. Semuyenzaniso, homwe ye equity inogona kunanga makambani ari vatungamiriri musimba rinodzokororwa, tsika dzevashandi, kana kutonga kwemakambani pachena. Mari dzeEquity dzakakurumbira kune vanoisa mari vari kutsvaga kukura vachitevedzera misimboti ine chekuita nemagariro.

Fixed-Income Funds: Iyi mari inotarisa kumabhondi uye zvimwe zvikwereti zvezvikwereti zvinopihwa nemakambani kana hurumende dzinotevedzera ESG misimboti. Fixed-income funds inopa vanoisa mari kudzoka kwakadzikama zvichienzaniswa nemari ye equity, vachiri kuvabvumira kutsigira zvirongwa zvinogara zviripo. Mari idzi dzinogona kusanganisira mabhondi kubva kumakambani akazvipira kuderedza kuburitswa kwekabhoni, kana kuti vangangotarisa pamabhondi akaburitswa nehurumende anotsigira zvirongwa zvezvivakwa zveveruzhinji zvine chinangwa chekuvandudza kugara zvakanaka kwevanhu.

Impact Funds: Impact mari inodarika ESG kubatanidzwa nekushingairira kutsvaga mainvestimenti ane mhedzisiro yakanaka munharaunda kana nharaunda. Mari idzi dzinowanzo tarisa pane chaiwo madingindira, akadai sekupedza hurombo, simba rinogoneka, kana dzimba dzinodhura. Impact mari haingoburitse madzoro emari chete asi zvakare inovavarira kugadzirisa matambudziko epasi rose nenzira ine musoro. Vanoisa mari mune idzi mari vanogona kuteedzera chaiwo magariro kana ezvakatipoteredza mhedzisiro iyo mari yavo iri kubatsira.

Thematic Funds: Thematic fund yakavakirwa pamusoro pemadingindira ekusimudzira akadai sesimba rakachena, kuchengetedza mvura, kana kusiyana kwevakadzi. Iyi mari inobvumira vanoisa mari kuti vaenzanise mapotifolio avo nezvimwe zvikonzero kana maindasitiri avanoitira hanya. Thematic money inowanzo kwezva vatengesi vanoda chaizvo nezveimwe nyaya, vachipa nzira yekutsigira makambani ari kugadzirisa dambudziko apo achitsvaga makwikwi emari.

ESG Index Homwe: Iyi mari inoteedzera ma indices akagadzirirwa kusanganisa chete makambani ane yakasimba ESG ratings. Mienzaniso inosanganisira MSCI KLD 400 Social Index, iyo inotarisa kumakambani eUnited States anosangana nemazinga eESG epamusoro, kana FTSE4Good Index, iyo yakagadzirirwa kuyera kushanda kwemakambani ane maitiro akasimba eESG pasi rose. ESG index mari inokwezva kune vanoisa mari vanosarudza nzira yekungoita, sezvo vachipa pachena kumakambani ane mutoro.

4.2. Kuongorora Kuita kweHomwe uye Mari

Kana uchiisa mari mumari inogara iripo, zvakakosha kuti utarise mashandisirwo emari ehomwe nemari inobhadharwa. Kungofanana nemari yechinyakare, mari inoenderera inogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya maererano nekudzoka kwavo, kusagadzikana, uye mutengo zvimiro.

Performance Metrics: Vagadziri vemari vanofanirwa kuongorora mari yakagadzikana inoenderana neyakajairwa mari metrics senge kudzoka kwakazara, kushata, uye njodzi-yakagadziriswa kudzoka. Mari zhinji inobatika inoita zvekukwikwidza nemari yechinyakare, uye vamwe vanotopfuura vamwe vavo nekunzvenga makambani akaoneswa njodzi dzeESG, senge zvirango zvekudzora kana kukuvadzwa kwezita. Vagadziri vemari vanogona kuongorora kushanda kwehomwe vachishandisa mabenchmark, sekuenzanisa kudzoka kwehomwe kune yakakodzera index (yakadai seS&P 500 kana ESG-specific index).

ESG Performance: Pamusoro pemari metrics, zvakakosha kuti utarise kuti homwe inoenderana sei nevavariro dzeESG dze investor. Izvi zvinogona kuyerwa nekuongorora zviri pasi pehomwe homwe uye nekunzwisisa maitiro avanoita paESG maitiro. Mari zhinji inopa pachena mishumo inoratidza chiyero cheESG chemakambani avo epodfolio, zvichibvumira vanoisa mari kuti vaone kuti homwe yacho inobata sei munharaunda.

Mari uye Mari Yemari: Kufanana nekudyara kupi zvako, mutengo wehomwe unogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kudzoka kwenguva refu. Vashandi vanofanirwa kurangarira mari yehomwe yemari, iyo inomiririra mari yegore inobhadharwa nehomwe sechikamu chezvikamu zvese zviri pasi pemaneja. Mari inogoneka dzimwe nguva inogona kuve nemari yepamusoro nekuda kwekuwedzera mari inosanganisirwa mukutsvaga kweESG uye manejimendi anoshanda. Nekudaro, passive ESG index mari kazhinji ine yakaderera mari reshiyo kana ichienzaniswa neinobatika mari.

Fund Management uye Strategy: Zvakakosha kuti unzwisise huzivi hwekudyara uye hurongwa hwevakuru vehomwe. Dzimwe mari dzinobatanidza zvinhu zveESG sechikamu chehurongwa hwekudyara hwakakura, nepo vamwe vachitora nzira yakatsaurirwa yekukanganisa kudyara kana kuisa mari mukati. Kunzwisisa maitiro emaneja kunogona kubatsira vanoisa mari kuti vaone kuti homwe yacho inoenderana nehunhu hwavo uye zvinangwa zvemari.

4.3. Green Bonds uye Basa Ravo muSustainable Finance

Green bond chikamu chiri kukura chemusika wemari wakasimba uye vanoita basa rakakosha mukupa mari mapurojekiti ane hushamwari. Zvisungo izvi zvinopihwa nehurumende, makambani, kana masangano emari kuti ape mari mapurojekiti akanangana nekugadzirisa matambudziko emamiriro ekunze akadai sekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kusvibiswa, uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa.

Chii chinonzi Green Bonds?

Green bond zvibatiso zvezvikwereti zvakapihwa kukwidza mari yemapurojekiti ane kunaka kwemamiriro ekunze. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mapurojekiti akatarisana nesimba rinogoneka, kugona kwesimba, kutakurwa kwakachena, kurima kwakasimba, kana kutonga kwemvura. Mabond eGreen anosiyana kubva kumabond echinyakare pakuti mari yavanotambira inongotarirwa hurongwa hwegirinhi. Nekudyara muzvisungo zvakasvibirira, vanoisa mari vanogona kutsigira shanduko kuenda kune yakaderera-kabhoni hupfumi uye kubatsira kune inoenderera mberi zvinangwa.

Kukura kweGreen Bonds: Musika wegirinhi bond wakawedzera nekukurumidza mumakore achangopfuura sezvo vese vanoisa mari nevanoburitsa vachiziva mabhenefiti emari nemagariro emari inoenderera. Hurumende nemakambani zvakafanana vari kuwedzera kushandisa magreen bond kuunganidza mari yezvirongwa zvekusimudzira. Sekureva kweClimate Bonds Initiative, kuburitswa kwegreen bond kwakasvika pamusoro pemadhora mazana mashanu emadhora muna 500, zvichiratidza kufarira kuri kuita investor mukukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Mhando dzeGreen Bonds: Kune marudzi akati wandei emagreen bonds, zvichienderana neakapa uye mapurojekiti ari kupihwa mari. Corporate green bond anopihwa nemakambani akazvimirira kuti ape mari mapurojekiti akasimba, senge zvivakwa zvinoshandisa simba kana kuvandudzwa kwesimba remagetsi. Changamire girini mabhondi anopihwa nehurumende dzenyika kuti dzipe mari mapurojekiti everuzhinji anogadzirisa zvinonetsa kwezvakatipoteredza, ukuwo mabhondi egirinhi ekanzuru anopihwa nemaguta kana hurumende dzenzvimbo kumapurojekiti akaita semvura yakachena kana masisitimu ekufambisa veruzhinji.

Zvakanakira Green Bonds: Kune vanoisa mari, mabhondi akasvibira anopa mukana wekutsigira mapurojekiti anobatsira zvakatipoteredza uchiwana mari inofanotaurwa. Ivo vanowanzoonekwa sekudyara kwenjodzi yakaderera, kwakafanana nemabhondi echinyakare, zvichiita kuti vafadze kune vanochengetedza mari vanotsvaga kubatanidza kuchengetedzeka kwemari nekwakanaka kwezvakatipoteredza. Zvakare, mazhinji mabhondi akasvibira anokodzera kukurudzirwa mutero, achiwedzera kukwezva kwavo kune vanoisa mari vanotsvaga mutero unoshanda mari.

Zvinetso muGreen Bond Market: Pasinei nekukura kwavo, zvisungo zvakasvibirira zvinosangana nematambudziko sekushaikwa kwetsanangudzo yakamisikidzwa yezvinoumba chirongwa che "girinhi". Vamwe vanoisa mari vanonetsekana nezve "greenwashing," uko vanoburitsa vanonyora mabhondi segirini pasina kuona kuti mapurojekiti ari pasi apa ane mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza. Kugadzirisa zvinonetsa izvi, masangano akaita seInternational Capital Market Association (ICMA) akagadzira Green Bond Principles, iyo inopa nhungamiro yekubuda pachena uye kushuma mumusika wegirinhi bond.

5. Measuring Impact

Kuyera kukanganiswa kwemagariro uye kwezvakatipoteredza kwekudyara zvine chekuita nemagariro (SRI) inhanho yakakosha mukuona kuti mari yekudyara iri kufambisa shanduko yakatarisirwa. Impact kuyerwa hakungobatsire vanoisa mari kuti vanzwisise zvinobatika mhedzisiro yekudyara kwavo asi zvakare inopa pachena uye kuzvidavirira muhurongwa hweSRI. Ichi chikamu chinoongorora marongero uye nzira dzinoshandiswa kuongorora kukanganisa, kuti magariro uye zvakatipoteredza zvinobatsira zvinoverengerwa sei, uye kukosha kwekuburitsa pachena.

5.1. Impact Assessment Frameworks uye Nzira

Kunyatso kuyera kukanganisa kwekudyara, masitadhi akasiyana uye nzira dzakagadzirwa. Aya masisitimu anobvumira vanoisa mari, makambani, uye mari kuti vaone kuti vari kuunza sei zvakanaka magariro uye zvakatipoteredza.

Global Impact Investing Network (GIIN) uye IRIS +: Imwe yeanonyanya kuzivikanwa masisitimu ekuyerwa kwemhedzisiro ndeye GIIN's IRIS + system. IRIS + inopa akamisikidzwa metrics anobvumira vanoisa mari kuteedzera uye kuenzanisa magariro, zvakatipoteredza, uye zvemari kuita kwekudyara kwavo. Inobata nzvimbo dzakaita sekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza, kusimudzira nharaunda, uye kodzero dzevanhu, ichipa metrics anowirirana neUnited Nations 'Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Nekushandisa inowirirana seti yezviratidzo, IRIS + inobatsira vanoisa mari kuti vaongorore maitiro akasiyana-siyana ezvikamu nematunhu.

Social Return on Investment (SROI): SROI inzira inotsvaga kuyera kukosha kwemagariro, zvakatipoteredza, uye zvehupfumi zvinogadzirwa nekudyara. Inopa kukosha kwemari kune zvakabuda munharaunda, zvichibvumira vanoisa mari kuti vaverenge "kudzokera munharaunda" maererano nekudyara kwavo kwemari. Semuenzaniso, kudyara mudzimba dzinodhura kunogona kuunza kwete mari yekurenda chete asiwo inovandudza hutano kuvagari, kudzikiswa kwehutsotsi, uye kuwedzera kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda - zvese izvi zvinogona kuverengerwa pachishandiswa SROI metrics.

Impact Management Project (IMP): Iyo IMP inopa hurongwa hwekukanganisa vanoisa mari kuti vaongorore uye vatarise maitiro avo. Inotarisa pazviyero zvishanu zvakakosha: chii chinokanganisa chiri kuteverwa, ndiani anobatsirwa kubva mukukanganisa, ingani mhedzisiro inogadzirwa, mupiro wekudyara, uye njodzi yekukanganisa kusiri kuwanikwa. Iyi nzira inokurudzira vanoisa mari kuti vafunge zvizere nezve zvakabuda mukudyara kwavo uye kuisa pfungwa idzi mukuita kwavo sarudzo.

B Impact Assessment (BIA): Makambani ari kutsvaga kuve B Masangano (B Corps) anofanirwa kuongororwa kwakasimba kwemaitiro avo emagariro uye kwezvakatipoteredza vachishandisa B Impact Assessment (BIA). Ongororo iyi inoongorora mashandiro ekambani munzvimbo dzakaita sekutonga, kurapwa kwevashandi, kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda, uye kuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda. Kune vanoisa mari, kambani yeB Corp certification inopa vimbiso yekuti bhizinesi rasangana nepamusoro miitiro yemagariro uye nharaunda mutoro.

Zvinangwa zveSustainable Development (SDGs): Vazhinji vanoisa mari vanoshandisa United Nations '17 Sustainable Development Goals senzira yekuongorora maitiro. Zvinangwa izvi zvinobata huwandu hwakawanda hwematambudziko epasi rose, anosanganisira hurombo, kusaenzana, kuita kwemamiriro ekunze, uye kushandisa zvine musoro. Vagadziri vemari vanogona kuwiriranisa mari yavo neiyo chaiyo SDGs kuona kuti mari yavo iri kubatsira mukuedza kwepasirese kuzadzisa zvinangwa izvi panosvika 2030.

5.2. Quantifying Social and Environmental Benefits

Kuverengera mabhenefiti ezvemagariro uye ezvakatipoteredza ekudyara kunogona kuve kwakaoma, asi zvakakosha pakuratidza maitiro. Vanoisa mari vanoshandisa musanganiswa wemhando uye huwandu hwemetrics kuyera mhedzisiro yekudyara kwavo uye kuona kuti vari kugadzira shanduko ine musoro.

Environmental Metrics: Kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kunowanzo kuve nyore kuverengera, kunyanya kana uchibata nemhedzisiro inoyerwa senge kuderedza kuburitsa kabhoni, kuchengetedza simba, kana kuchengetedza mvura. Semuenzaniso, chisungo chegirinhi chinopa mari chirongwa chesimba rezuva chinogona kuongororwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekubuda kwegasi regreenhouse kunodziviswa kana megawatts esimba rinogoneka rinogadzirwa. Mamwe ma metrics ezvakatipoteredza anogona kusanganisira kuwanda kwemarara akatsauswa kubva kumarara, huwandu hwemiti yakasimwa, kana kuvandudzwa kwezvipenyu.

Social Metrics: Kuyera kukanganiswa kwemagariro kunogona kuve kwakaoma, sezvo mhedzisiro inogona kusagara ichionekwa nekukurumidza kana kuverengeka zviri nyore. Nekudaro, kune akati wandei metrics anowanzoshandiswa kuyera mabhenefiti emagariro. Semuyenzaniso, mari yekudyara mudzimba dzinodhura inogona kuyerwa nehuwandu hwemhuri dzinotambira mari shoma dzakagara, kuvandudzwa kwehutano hwevagari, kana kuwedzera kuwana dzidzo nemikana yebasa. Saizvozvo, mabhenefiti ezvemagariro mukudyara kwehutano anogona kuongororwa nehuwandu hwehupenyu hunovandudzwa kuburikidza nekuwana rubatsiro rwekurapa rwunokwanisika kana kudzikiswa kwekutapurirana kwechirwere.

Blended Metrics: Vamwe vanoisa mari vanoshandisa ma metric akasanganiswa anosanganisa zvese zvemagariro uye zvakatipoteredza. Semuyenzaniso, kudyara mari mukurima kunoendera mberi kunogona kuongororwa zvichibva mukudzikira kwekushandiswa kwemvura uye nekuvandudzwa kwemararamiro evarimi. Iyi nzira inovimbisa kuti iyo yakazara spectrum yekukanganisa inotorwa.

Nyaya Dzidzo uye Nyaya: Pamusoro pehuwandu hwemetrics, vatengesi vazhinji vanoshandisa zvidzidzo zvenyaya uye kutaura nyaya kuratidza maitiro epasirese ekudyara kwavo. Nekugovera nyaya dzevanhu kana nharaunda dzakabatsirikana nekudyara, vanoisa mari vanogona kupa mufananidzo wega uye unomanikidza wekuchinja kwakanaka kuri kuitwa.

5.3. Reporting uye Transparency

Kujeka mukurekodha chinhu chakakosha pakuyera kwemhedzisiro. Vagadziri vemari vanoda kuwana data rakajeka, rakajeka, uye rinoenderana pane zvemagariro uye zvakatipoteredza mhedzisiro yekudyara kwavo kuti vaone kana zvinangwa zvavo zviri kuzadzikiswa. Saizvozvo, makambani uye mari inobata muSRI inofanirwa kupa pachena kuburitswa kwezviitwa zvavo kuchengetedza kuvimbwa kwevanodyara uye kuzvidavirira.

Impact Reports: Makambani mazhinji nemari zvinoburitsa mishumo yegore negore inotsanangura mhedzisiro yeESG yavo uye maitiro ekuita. Mishumo iyi inowanzo sanganisira musanganiswa wehuwandu hwedata, nyaya dzenyaya, uye maonero mune ramangwana zvinangwa. Vagadziri vemari vanofanirwa kutarisisa mishumo yemaitiro kuti vaone kuti makambani kana mari dziri kusangana nezvinangwa zvavo uye kuita zvavakavimbisa.

Wechitatu-Bato Kusimbisa: Kuti uwedzere kuvimbika, vamwe vanoisa mari uye mari vanotsvaga wechitatu-bato kuoneswa kwemaitiro avo. Masangano akaita seGIIN, B Lab (yeB Corps), uye mamwe maodhita akazvimirira anogona kupa kunze kusimbiswa kwezvichemo. Kuongororwa kwevechitatu kunobatsira kudzikisira njodzi yekuwachiwa kwegirinhi (apo makambani anowedzeredza kana kutaura zvemanyepo maitiro avo ezvakatipoteredza kana munharaunda) uye kunosimudzira kujeka.

Zvinetso muKurekodha: Rimwe rematambudziko mukuita kuzivisa kushaikwa kwemametric akamisikidzwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana uye matunhu. Nepo masisitimu akaita seIRIS + uye maSDGs achipa imwe gwara, kuchine musiyano wekuti makambani nemari inoyera sei uye kushuma kukanganisa. Vagadziri vemari vanofanirwa kurangarira izvi zvisingaenderane uye kutsvaga mainvestimenti anopa yakasimba, yakajeka, uye inofananidzwa mishumo.

Kuenderera Kutarisisa uye Kugadzirisa: Kuyera kukanganiswa hakusi chiitiko chenguva imwe chete. Vagadziri vemari vanofanirwa kuenderera mberi nekutarisa zvakabuda mukudyara kwavo uye kugadzirisa maitiro avo sezvinodiwa kuti vawedzere maitiro. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuseta zvibodzwa zvitsva, kugoverazve mari kumapurojekiti ane chekuita zvakanyanya, kana kuita nemakambani kukurudzira zvirinani ESG maitiro.

6. Kuongorora Kudzoka Kwemari

Imwe yeakakosha yekutarisisa kune vanoisa mari vachiongorora magariro ane chekuita nekudyara (SRI) ndeyekuti mari iyi inogona kuunza makwikwi emari zvichienzaniswa nemaitiro ekudyara echinyakare. Mafungiro ekuti SRI neESG-yakatarisana nemapotifoliyo anopira kuita kwemari yezvine hunhu akadzikira nekufamba kwemakore, sezvo humwe humbowo hunoratidza kuti hupfumi hunoenderana nemagariro hunogona kuunza kudzoka kwakasimba uchidzora njodzi. Ichi chikamu chinoongorora kuti SRI inofananidzwa sei nekudyara kwechinyakare, kukosha kwenjodzi-yakagadziriswa kudzoka, uye mabhenefiti akasiyana ekubatanidza SRI mune portfolio.

6.1. SRI uye Traditional Investing Performance

Nhoroondo, vamwe vatengesi vaidavira kuti SRI inosanganisira a trade-kubvisa pakati pebasa revanhu uye kudzoka kwemari. Nekudaro, zvidzidzo zvakawanda uye ongororo yemusika zvakapokana nefungidziro iyi, zvichiratidza kuti SRI neESG-yakatarisana nekudyara inogona kuita pamwe chete, kana kutopfuura, kudyara kwechinyakare nekufamba kwenguva.

Competitive Performance: Tsvagiridzo kubva kumasangano akadai seMorningstar neMSCI inoratidza kuti mari yakatarisana neESG inowanzoita zvemakwikwi zvichienzaniswa nevasiri veESG. Humbowo huri kukura hunoratidza kuti makambani ane yakasimba ESG maitiro anowanzo kuve ane zvirinani manejimendi enjodzi, kuderera kuderera, uye nekuvandudza mashandiro ekuita. Semuyenzaniso, kambani yakazvipira kuderedza kuburitswa kwekabhoni inogona kushomeka kune zvirango zveramangwana kana kukuvadzwa kwezita, nepo avo vane hutongi hwakasimba vasingawanzosangana nekubiridzira kana zvinyadzi zvinogona kukanganisa mitengo yemasheya.

Kubudirira mune Mamwe Masoko: Mazano eESG neSRI akabudirira zvakanyanya mune mamwe matunhu, akadai setekinoroji, simba rinogoneka, uye hutano hwehutano, uko hutsva uye kusimba kuri kufambisa kukura. Pamusoro pezvo, mari dzeESG dzakaratidza kusimba panguva dze Misika kusagadzikana. Semuenzaniso, panguva yeCCIDID-19 denda uye kuderera kwemusika kunoperekedza, mari zhinji dzeESG dzakapfuura ma indices echinyakare, zvichiratidza kuti makambani akasimba anogona kunge akashongedzerwa zvirinani kubata kuvhunduka kwehupfumi.

Kugadzirwa Kwenguva Yakareba Kukosha: Vagadziri vemari vari kuwedzera kuziva kuti makambani ane yakasimba ESG maitiro akaiswa nani pakubudirira kwenguva refu. Makambani anoisa mari mumiitiro yakagadzikana-yakadai sesimba rekushandisa simba, kusiyana-siyana uye kubatanidza, uye hutongi hwehunhu-hunowanzo kuchinjika kukuchinja kwemamiriro emusika uye zvinodiwa nevatengi, izvo zvinoshandura mukuita kwemari kwakasimba.

Kunyange zvazvo pasina vimbiso yokuti mari yeSRI ichapfuura mumamiriro ose emusika, iye zvino yava kugamuchirwa zvakanyanya senzira inogoneka yekudyara iyo isingade kupira kudzoka.

6.2. Njodzi-Yakagadziriswa Returns

Kumwe kutarisisa kwakakosha pakuwongorora mashandiro emari ekudyara kweSRI ipfungwa yekudzoka kwakagadziridzwa njodzi. Risk-adjusted returns inoyera kushanda kwemari kweinvestment maererano nedanho renjodzi inotorwa kuti iwane zvibereko izvozvo. Iyi metric inonyanya kubatsira pakuenzanisa mari yeSRI nemari yechinyakare, sekudyara zvine chekuita nemagariro kunowanzo batanidza nzira dzekutarisira njodzi dzine chekuita neESG zvinhu.

Yakaderedzwa Risk Exposure: Imwe yekutanga advantages yeSRI kugona kwayo kudzikisira dzimwe njodzi dzinogona kutariswa nekudyara kwechinyakare. Semuyenzaniso, makambani anopinda mukuita kwakashata kwezvakatipoteredza, sekusvibiswa kwakanyanyisa kana kuvimba nemafuta ezvicherwa, anonyanya kutarisana nenjodzi dzemitemo, kumhan'ara mhosva, uye kukanganisa zita. Saizvozvo, makambani ane hutongi husina kusimba anogona kunge ari mungozi yekunyomba kana kutadza kwemanejimendi. Nekutarisa kumakambani ane yakasimba ESG magwaro, mari yeSRI inowanzo dzivirira njodzi idzi, zvichikonzera kugadzikana kwekuita basa nekufamba kwenguva.

Volatility Management: Mari yeSRI neESG yakaratidza kugona kugadzirisa kusagadzikana zvakanyanya kupfuura dzimwe mari dzechinyakare. Izvi zvakakonzerwa nekutarisa kwavo kumakambani ane mabhizinesi emhando dzakasimba uye hutongi hwakasimba, ayo anowanzo kuona kushomeka kunoshamisa mukukosha panguva yekuderera kwemusika. Njodzi-yakagadziridzwa kudzoka metrics senge Sharpe reshiyo, iyo inofananidza kudzoka kune njodzi, inogona kubatsira vanoisa mari kuti vanzwisise kuti mari yeSRI iri kuita sei kana ichienzaniswa nemari yechinyakare ine nhoroondo dzengozi dzakafanana.

ESG seRisk Factor: Vazhinji vanoisa mari pari zvino vava kutarisa ESG zvinhu sezviratidzo zvakakosha zvenjodzi dzinogona kuitika mukushanda kwekambani. Semuenzaniso, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze inoisa njodzi dzenguva refu kumaindasitiri akaita sesimba nekurima, uye makambani anotadza kuchinjika anogona kutarisana nekurasikirwa kukuru kwemari. Nekubatanidza zvinhu zveESG mukuongorora kwavo njodzi, mari yeSRI inogona kupa zvirinani kudzivirirwa kana ichienzaniswa nemari yechinyakare.

6.3. Diversification Benefits yeSRI

Diversification ndiyo musimboti wekudyara, uye SRI inopa yakasarudzika mikana yekusimudzira mapotifolio kusiyanisa uku uchiramba wakatarisa pakusimba. Nekusanganisira makambani uye zvikamu zvinotungamira ESG zvinhu, vanoisa mari vanogona kuwana kuratidzwa kwakakura kumaindasitiri akagadzirira kukura mune ramangwana rakagadzikana.

Kuwedzera Kupfuura Zvikamu Zvechinyakare: Imwe yemabhenefiti akakosha ekusiyana kweSRI ndeyekuti inowanzo sanganisira zvikamu zvakamiririrwa mumapatoti ekudyara echinyakare, akadai sesimba rinowanikwazve, kurima kwakasimba, uye tekinoroji yakachena. Mapazi aya ari kukura nekukurumidza sezvo hurumende nemabhizinesi vachiisa pamberi pechinjo kuenda kuhupfumi hwekabhoni shoma. Nekusanganisira maindasitiri aya mune portfolio, vanoisa mari vanogona kuwana mukana kune misika iri kusimukira inogona kufuratirwa nemaitiro akajairwa.

Global Diversification: Mazano eSRI anowanzo sanganisira makambani kubva kutenderera pasirese ari vatungamiriri mune ESG maitiro. Izvi zvinobvumira vanoisa mari kusiyanisa mapotifolio avo munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana uye hupfumi, vachideredza kuratidzwa kune njodzi dzemusika. Zvakare, vatungamiriri vazhinji vepasi rose veESG vanobva kumatunhu uko maitiro ekusimudzira akanyanya kunyudzwa mutsika dzemakambani, senge Europe, inove kumusha kune akati wandei anoita zveESG makambani.

Kuderedza Sector-Specific Risk: Mukudyara kwechinyakare, mamwe masekete - akadai sesimba, migodhi, uye zvekushandisa - anogona kutakura njodzi dzepamusoro dzeESG nekuda kwekukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kumanikidza kwemitemo. Nekubatanidza SRI, vanoisa mari vanogona kuderedza kuratidzwa kwavo kuzvikamu izvi uye panzvimbo pacho vanotarisa kumakambani ari nani anoenderana nekusimudzira kwepasirese. Maitiro. Uku kusiyanisa kwechikamu kunobatsira kudzikisira njodzi yekurasikirwa kukuru nekuda kwekuchinja kwemitemo, shanduko yehurongwa hweveruzhinji, kana kushandura maitiro evatengi ane chekuita nekugadzikana.

Kubatanidza SRI uye Kudyara Kwetsika: Vagadziri vemari vanonetsekana pamusoro pezvingangogumira zveSRI diversification vanogona kusanganisa magariro ane chekuita nekudyara nekudyara kwechinyakare kugadzira portfolio yakaenzana. Iyi nzira yakasanganiswa inobvumira vanoisa mari kuti vabatsirwe kubva mukukwanisa kwekukura kwezvikamu zvinotyairwa neESG uku vachichengetedza kuratidzwa kune mamwe maindasitiri anogona kunge asati atungamira ESG zvinhu asi achipa madzoro akasimba emari.

7. Kugadzirisa Mafungiro Akajairika

Pasinei nekukura kwemukurumbira uye kubudirira kwekudyara kwevanhu vane hanya (SRI), pfungwa dzinoverengeka dzisiridzo dzinoramba dzichitenderera, zvichiita kuti vamwe vatengesi vazeze kana kuramba vasina chokwadi nezvekubatanidza SRI mumapotifolio avo. Ichi chikamu chine chinangwa chekujekesa idzi pfungwa dzisiridzo dzakajairika, tichitarisa hukama huripo pakati peSRI nekudzoka kwemari, mutsauko pakati pekudyara kwetsika nekudyara kwechinyakare, uye njodzi dzinofungidzirwa dzine chekuita neSRI.

7.1. SRI uye Mari Inodzoka

Imwe yeanoramba achifungira zvisirizvo nezvekudyara zvine chekuita nemagariro vanhu ndeyekuti zvinotungamira kune yakaderera kudzoka kwemari zvichienzaniswa nekudyara kwechinyakare. Kutenda uku kunobva mufungidziro yekuti nekuisa pamberi pezvimiro zvehunhu, vanoisa mari vari kupira purofiti. Zvisinei, humwe uchapupu hunowedzera hunoratidza kuti izvi handizvo.

• Nhema: SRI Inotungamira kune Yakaderera Kudzoka: Vazhinji vemarimisi vakambotenda kuti kudzivisa mamwe maindasitiri (sefodya, oiri, kana zvombo) kwaizodzikamisa denga remikana yekudyara iripo uye, semhedzisiro, kuderedza kudzoka kwaungagona. Nekudaro, zvidzidzo uye nhoroondo yedata inoratidza kuti ESG-yakatarisana nemapotifoliyo anogona kuburitsa madzoro anofananidzwa ne, kana zvisiri nani pane, echinyakare nzira dzekudyara. Makambani ane maitiro akasimba eESG anowanzo kuve akatsiga, anochinjika, uye ane hutsva, izvo zvinowanzokonzera kuita kwemari kurinani kwenguva refu.
• Chokwadi: ESG Kubatanidzwa Inogona Kuwedzera Kuita: Nekuisa mungozi dzezvakatipoteredza, magariro, uye hutongi, mazano eSRI anowanzo ratidza makambani ane mabhizinesi akasimba emhando, zvimiro zvehutongi hwakanaka, uye nzira dzekugadzirisa dzekugadzirisa njodzi dziri kubuda. Hunhu uhwu hune hukama nekuita kwakasimba kwenguva refu, sezvo makambani anodzora njodzi dzeESG nemazvo haanyanyi kutarisana nezvirango zvemutemo, kukuvadzwa kwezita, kana kurasikirwa kwemari nekuda kwemaitiro asingagoneke.
• Inotsigira Data: Ongororo yezvinopfuura zviuru zviviri zvezvidzidzo zveempirical zvakaitwa neDeutsche Bank neYunivhesiti yeHamburg zvakaona kuti ruzhinji rwezvidzidzo rwakaratidza hukama hwakanaka pakati peESG zvinhu uye kushanda kwemari kwemakambani. Pamusoro pazvo, Morgan Stanley Institute for Sustainable Investing yakaona kuti homwe inogarisa equity yakasangana kana kudarika kudzoka kwepakati kwemari yechinyakare mukati memakore gumi apfuura, kazhinji nekushomeka kwakaderera.

7.2. Ethical Investing vs. Traditional Investing

Imwe pfungwa isiriyo ndeyokuti kuisa mari mumagariro evanhu itsika, yakaparadzana zvachose nekudyara kwechinyakare, kana kuti inofanana nekupa philanthropy. Muchokwadi, SRI inosanganisa akawanda emari misimboti uye matekiniki sekudyara kwechinyakare, asi nekutarisa kuwiriranisa zvibodzwa zvemari nezvinangwa zvine hunhu kana zvinogoneka.

• Nhema: SRI Inongori Yevane Ethical kana Philanthropic Investors: Vamwe vanhu vanotenda zvisiri izvo kuti SRI ndeyevashandisi chete vanoisa pamberi pemagariro evanhu pamusoro pekudzoka kwemari. Iyi pfungwa isiriyo inofuratira chokwadi chekuti SRI inzira yakafararira yekudyara inokwezva kune vakasiyana siyana vanoisa mari-kubva kune vanhu vane shungu dzekusimudzira kune vanoisa mari mumasangano avo vari kutsvaga kudzikisira njodzi dzine chekuita neESG.
• Chokwadi: SRI Inosanganisa Zvinangwa Zvemari uye Zvetsika: Kusiyana nephilanthropy, iyo ine chinangwa chekupa mari kure nekuda kwezvikonzero zvemagariro, SRI inotsvaga kuunza mari inodzoka ichitsigira zvakanaka magariro nemagariro. Vagadziri vemari vanoteedzera SRI havasi kupa zvipo asi vari kuisa mari mumakambani nemari inosangana nezvinangwa zvavo zvemari uye maitiro avo ehunhu. Izvi zviviri zvinotarisa papurofiti uye chinangwa chiratidzo chemazuva ano SRI.
• ESG Kubatanidzwa muMainstream Mari: ESG zvinhu zvave kuwedzera kubatanidzwa mune mainstream yemari. Makuru ezvekudyara masangano makuru, akadai sehomwe dzepenjeni uye mafemu ekutonga midziyo, vava kushandisa maitiro eESG sechikamu chekuongorora kwavo kwemari kuona njodzi nemikana yenguva refu. Kuchinja uku kunoratidza kuti SRI haisi kungoita niche etsika kufamba asi nzira inoshanduka iri kugadzirisa indasitiri yese yezvemari.

7.3. SRI uye Njodzi

Imwe pfungwa isiriyo yakatenderedza SRI ndeyekuti inogara ine njodzi pane yekudyara tsika nekuda kwekusabatanidzwa kwemamwe maindasitiri kana zvikamu. Vamwe vatengesi vanonetsekana kuti kudzikamisa mari yavo yekudyara nekudzivisa makambani anobatanidzwa mumafuta ezvicherwa, fodya, kana zvombo zvinogona kuwedzera kushanduka kwepodfolio uye kuderedza kusiyana-siyana. Zvisinei, kushushikana uku kunowanzoitwa zvisiri izvo.

• Nhema: SRI Inowedzera Portfolio Ngozi: Kutenda kuti SRI inotungamira kune njodzi yakanyanya kunobva pane pfungwa yekuti kusasanganisa mamwe maindasitiri kunogona kuderedza kusiyanisa kwepodfolio, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kushanduka kwemusika. Pamusoro pezvo, vamwe vanopokana kuti nekutarisa maitiro eESG, vanoisa mari vanogona kufuratira mametric emari echinyakare, ayo anogona kuvaisa panjodzi huru.
• Chokwadi: SRI Inogona Kuderedza Ngozi: Kusiyana nemafungiro aya asina kunaka, SRI inowanzo tungamira kudzikisa njodzi yese. Nekubvisa makambani asina kuita zvakanaka ESG - seaya ane kabhoni yakakwira, maitiro asina kunaka evashandi, kana hutongi husina kusimba - nzira dzeSRI dzinobatsira vanoisa mari kuti vadzivise makambani angangotarisana nenjodzi dzekutonga, mukurumbira, kana mashandiro. Semuenzaniso, makambani emafuta ezvicherwa ari kuwedzera kutarisana nenjodzi dzinodzorwa sezvo hurumende dzepasi rese dziri dzika mitemo inoomesera yemamiriro ekunze, uye makambani ane maitiro asina kunaka ekushanda anogona kutarisana nematambudziko emutemo kana kurambwa.
• Yakavandudzwa Risk Management: Mari zhinji yeSRI inoshingairira kugadzirisa njodzi nekusarudza makambani akamisikidzwa zviri nani mune ramangwana, seaya anodyara musimba rinodzoreredzwa, kushandisa zviwanikwa zvine hungwaru, kana tsika dzebhizinesi maitiro. Iyi nzira yekutarisa mberi inokonzeresa kuderera kwekusagadzikana uye kusimba kwepamusoro panguva yekuderera kwemusika. Mafungiro eESG anobatsirawo vanoisa mari kuona makambani anofambiswa zvakanaka, akagadzikana mune zvemari, uye anoshingairira kugadzirisa matambudziko epasi rose, izvo zvinoderedza njodzi dzenguva refu.
• Kuita Panguva Yekuderera Kwemusika: Humbowo hunoratidza kuti ESG-yakatarisana nemari yakapfuura echinyakare mari panguva yekunetseka kwemusika. Semuyenzaniso, panguva yedenda ra2020 COVID-19, mari zhinji dzeESG dzakaona kushomeka uye nekukasira kupora kupfuura vamwe vavo vasiri ESG, vachiratidza kusimba kwemakambani ane maitiro akasimba eESG munguva dzenhamo.

8. Kuongorora Emerging Trends muSustainable Finance

Mari inoenderera mberi iri kubuda nekukurumidza, ichitungamirwa nehunyanzvi, kushandura zvido zvevatengi, uye shanduko yekutonga. Sezvo kuziva kukosha kwezvakatipoteredza, zvemagariro, uye hutongi (ESG) zvinhu zvichikura, nzira nyowani dzekudyara dziri kugadzirisa mamiriro emari. Ichi chikamu chinoongorora mamwe akanyanya kukosha ari kusimukira maitiro emari inoenderera, anosanganisira kukanganisa kwekudyara, hupfumi hwedenderedzwa, uye kubatanidzwa kwemisimboti yeESG mumari huru.

8.1. Impact Investing uye Venture Capital

Impact investing, nzira yepamberi yekudyara zvine chekuita nemagariro, inotarisana nekugadzira mabhenefiti anoyerwa munharaunda kana nharaunda pamwe nekudzoka kwemari. Iyi nzira yekudyara iri kuwedzera tichimhanya sezvo vanoisa mari vachitarisa kupa mari zvirongwa zvinogadzirisa matambudziko epasi rose akadai sehurombo, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, uye kuwaniswa kwehutano. Chikamu chiri kukura chekudyara kwemari chiri kuoneka muventure capital, uko vanodyara mari vari kutsigira makambani ekutanga-danho ane mukana wekuunza zvese zvemari zviwanikwa uye zvakakosha zvakanaka.

Chii chinonzi Impact Investing? Kudyara mari kunoda kuita mutsauko unoyerwa munzvimbo dzakakosha senge simba rinodzokororwa, dzimba dzinodhura, dzidzo, uye hutano huchipawo madzoro emari. Vanoisa mari vanoisa pamberi pezvibodzwa zvemari uye zvakabuda zvakaenderana neUnited Nations 'Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Kusiyana nekudyara kwechinyakare, uko kunowanzo tarisa chete pakuita kwemari, kukanganisa kwekudyara kunoongororwa zvine hudzamu zvichienderana nemagariro kana nharaunda.

Basa reVenture Capital muImpact Investing: Venture capital iri kuita basa rinowedzera kukosha mukukanganisa kwekudyara nzvimbo, kunyanya muzvikamu zvakaita se tekinoroji yakachena, hunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza hutano, uye bhizinesi rezvemagariro. Venture capitalists vava kutarisa kupfuura purofiti yenguva pfupi, vachitarisa mari yekutanga-ups uye makambani ekutanga-danho anovavarira kugadzirisa matambudziko epasi rose nemhinduro dzinotyisa. Nekudyara mune zvinokanganisa matekinoroji uye mabhizinesi emhando, venture capital iri kubatsira kusimudzira shanduko kuenda kuhupfumi hwakasimba uye hwakaenzana.

Kukura kweImpact Investing Funds: Iko kukanganisa kwekudyara musika kwakaona kukura kwakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura. Sekureva kweGlobal Impact Investing Network (GIIN), musika wekudyara wepasi rose wakasvika kudarika $1 trillion mumidziyo muna 2022. Kukura uku kunoratidza kufarira kuri kuwedzera kubva kune vanoisa mari mumasangano, mahofisi emhuri, uye vanhu vane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro vanotsvaga kudzoka kwemari. uye magariro kana zvakatipoteredza kukanganisa. Impact investing iri kuita yakakosha zano kune vanoisa mari vachivavarira kuenzanisa mapotifoliyo avo nehunhu hwavo vachitarisa kukura kwenguva refu.

8.2. Sustainable Finance uye Circular Economy

Pfungwa yehupfumi hwedenderedzwa iri kuwedzera kupesvedzera mari inoenderera. Hupfumi hwedenderedzwa hunosimuka kubva kune yechinyakare "kutora-make-dispose" modhi yehupfumi uye panzvimbo pacho inotarisa kudzikisa tsvina, kushandisazve zvinhu, uye kuvandudza masisitimu echisikigo. Nekudyara mumabhizinesi anotora misimboti yakatenderedzwa, vanoisa mari vanogona kutsigira kukura kwehupfumi uku vachikurudzira kusimudzira.

Chii chinonzi Circular Economy? Upfumi hwedenderedzwa hune chinangwa chekudzikisa tsvina uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwezvinhu. Inokurudzira makambani kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvine hupenyu hurefu, kushandisa zvinhu zvinogonekazve, uye kugadzira masisitimu ekudzokorodza kana kudzorerazve zvinhu zvakashandiswa. Iyi nzira inopesana nehupfumi hwemutsara, apo zvigadzirwa zvinowanzoraswa mushure mekushandiswa kumwe chete, zvichikonzera kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Basa reSustainable Finance muCircular Economy: Vagadziri vemari vari kuwedzera kuona kugona kwehupfumi hwedenderedzwa kuendesa zvese zvemari kudzoka uye mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza. Nekupa mari makambani anoisa pamberi pesimba rekushandisa, kuderedzwa kwemarara, uye dhizaini yechigadzirwa, vanoisa mari vari kubatsira kusimudzira shanduko kune mamwe mabhizinesi akasimba maitiro. Semuyenzaniso, kuisa mari mumakambani ane hunyanzvi mukudzokorodza tekinoroji, zvinhu zvinogonekazve, kana modhi dzekushandisa dzakagovaniswa (senge mapuratifomu ekugovera-mapuratifomu) inofambirana nemisimboti yehupfumi hwedenderedzwa uye inotsigira kusikwa kwekukosha kwenguva refu.

Mienzaniso yeCircular Economy Investments: Makambani anosanganisira denderedzwa hupfumi misimboti ari kuwana traction nevaisimari. Semuyenzaniso, mamwe makambani embatya atora modhi imo vatengi vanogona kurenda kana kudzosa zvigadzirwa kuti zvidzokororwe, kuderedza marara uye kukurudzira kugona kwezviwanikwa. Saizvozvo, mabhizinesi ari muzvikamu zvakaita sezvemagetsi nekugadzira ari kutarisa mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvinogona kupatsanurwa uye kudzokororwa, kuderedza kudiwa kwezvinhu zvemhandara. Kuisa mari mumakambani aya hakungotsigire zvinangwa zvezvakatipoteredza chete asiwo kunoisa vanoisa mari mukukura sezvo maitiro ehupfumi hwedenderedzwa anowedzera.

8.3. ESG Kubatanidzwa muMainstream Mari

Sezvo mari yakatsiga ichiwana mukurumbira, kubatanidzwa kweESG kuri kuita chinhu chakakosha chemaitiro emari akajairika. Institutional investimendi, mamaneja emidziyo, uye masangano ezvemari ari kuwedzera kubatanidza zvinhu zveESG mumaitiro avo ekuita sarudzo, zvichiratidza kusuduruka kubva pakuona kuti kusimba inyaya yekufunga. Uku kubatanidzwa kweESG mumucheka wemari yakawanda kuri kufambisa shanduko dzakapararira mumabatiro anoita makambani nevanoisa mari.

Institutional Adoption yeESG Factors: Huwandu huri kukura hwevanoisa mari mumasangano, kusanganisira mari yepenjeni, mari yehupfumi, uye makambani einishuwarenzi, vari kutora ESG maitiro sechikamu chemaitiro avo ekudyara. Ava vanoisa mari vanoona kuti makambani ane simba reESG maitiro akashongedzerwa zvirinani kubata njodzi dzenguva refu uye kushandisa mikana. Semuenzaniso, homwe yekudyara inogona kushandisa data reESG kutarisisa makambani akamira zvakanaka kuti abatsirwe neshanduko kuenda kune yakaderera-kabhoni hupfumi kana kudzivirira avo vari kuratidzwa kunjodzi dzekutonga nekuda kwemaitiro asina kunaka ezvakatipoteredza.

ESG mune Corporate Finance: ESG zvinhu zvave kuita zvakare kunetsa mumakambani emari sarudzo, kusanganisira kubatanidzwa uye kutora (M&A), mari yechikwereti, uye kugoverwa kwemari. Makambani anokoshesa kuita kweESG ari kuona zviri nyore kuwana mari nemitengo yakanaka, sezvo vanokweretesa nevanoita mari vachiwedzera kuona maitiro akasimba eESG sezviratidzo zvekugadzikana kwemari uye manejimendi enjodzi. Zvakare, makambani anobatanidza misimboti yeESG mumabasa avo anogona kukwezva kufarira kwakawanda kubva kune vanoisa mari mumasangano vachitsvaga kuwiriranisa mapotifolio avo nezvinangwa zvebudiriro.

Kusimuka kweESG Kuzivisa Zvinodikanwa: Sezvo kubatanidzwa kweESG kunowedzera kupararira, masangano anodzora uye mastock exchange ari kuunza zvinodiwa kuti makambani abudise maitiro eESG. MuEurope, EU's Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFDR) inoraira kuti mafemu ekudyara ape pachena ESG kuburitswa, nepo mamwe matunhu ari kutevedzera zvakafanana nemirairo. Izvi zvinodikanwa zvinobatsira kumisikidza ESG kushuma, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kune vanoisa mari kuongorora uye kuenzanisa kusimba kwemakambani akasiyana.

Mainstream Zvigadzirwa Zvemari zvine ESG Focus: Kusimuka kwekubatanidzwa kweESG kwakonzera kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zvemari, senge ESG-yakatarisana itirana mari, ETFs, uye indices. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinobvumira vanoisa mari kuti vawane kuratidzwa kumakambani ane yakasimba ESG zvitupa, zvinopa akasiyana mapotifolio anowirirana nezvinangwa zvekusimudzira. Sezvo mamwe mamaneja emaasset achipa ESG-yakatarisana zvigadzirwa, kuwanikwa uye kufarirwa kwemari yakagadzikana inotarisirwa kuramba ichikura.

mhedziso

Socially responsible investing (SRI) yakabva kune niche strategy ikava nzira yekudyara mari yakawanda, inosundwa nekukura kwekuziva kwematambudziko epasi rose uye kudiwa kwemhinduro dzakasimba. Vanodyara mari vari kuramba vachiona kukosha kwekubatanidza zvakatipoteredza, zvemagariro, uye hutongi (ESG) zvinhu mumaitiro avo ekuita sarudzo, kwete nekuda kwezvikonzero zvetsika chete asiwo kugadzirisa njodzi uye kutora mikana yekukura kwemari kwenguva refu. Sezvataongorora muchinyorwa chino, SRI inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwemazano-kubva pakutarisa kwakashata uye kwakanaka kune kukanganisa kudyara uye kubatanidzwa kweESG-inobvumira vanoisa mari kuti vaenzanise mapotifoliyo avo nehunhu hwavo vachiri kutsvaga makwikwi ekudzoka kwemari.

Kusimuka kwekudyara kwemari uye hupfumi hwakatenderedza, pamwe nekubatanidzwa kweESG mumari yemazuva ese, kunosimbisa kusimba kwemari inogara iripo. Vagadziri vemari havachakwanisa kufuratira njodzi nemikana yeESG, sezvo ivo vari kuwedzera kubatanidzwa nekuita kwemari kwekambani, kusimba kwekushanda, uye kugona kujairana nezvinonetsa. Panguva imwecheteyo, hutsva mune zvemari yakagadzikana, senge green bond uye thematic fund, vari kugadzira mikana mitsva yevanoisa mari kuti vatsigire shanduko yakanaka yemagariro uye nharaunda vachizadzisa zvinangwa zvavo zvemari.

Sezvo SRI ichiri kuramba ichikura, zviri pachena kuti mari yakagadzikana haingori nzira inopfuura asi shanduko yakakosha mumashandiro anoita vanoisa mari nemakambani. Iko kudiwa kwekubuda pachena, kuzvidavirira, uye maitiro ebhizinesi ane mutoro acharamba achigadzira misika yemari mumakore anotevera. Nekubatanidza misimboti yeSRI muhurongwa hwavo hwekudyara, vanoisa mari havagone kungobatsira kune imwe nyika yakagadzikana uye yakaenzana asiwo kuzviisa ivo pachavo kuti vabudirire mune zvemari kwenguva refu.