1. Kunzwisisa Kuongorora Kwakakosha
Kunyanya kuongorora ndiyo nheyo yekona yesarudzo dzenguva refu dzekudyara. Inzira yekuongorora chengetedzo nekuyedza kuyera kukosha kwayo kwemukati, kuongorora zvine chekuita nezvehupfumi, zvemari uye zvimwe zvemhando uye huwandu hwezvinhu. Traders vanoshandisa ongororo yakakosha vanowanzo shandisa zvinyorwa zvemari senzvimbo yavo yekutanga yedata. Ivo vanotarisa zvinhu zvakaita semihoro, mari, purofiti, uye kudzoka pakuenzanisa pakati pezvimwe zvinhu.
Mhedzisiro yeiyi nzira ndeyekutenda kuti kukosha chaiko kwekambani hakugone kuratidzwa mumutengo wayo wazvino. Traders vachishandisa ongororo yakakosha tenda kuti musika unogona kukanganisa chengetedzo munguva pfupi asi, nekufamba kwenguva, kukosha kwechokwadi kunozoonekwa. Naizvozvo, vanoisa mari vanogona kuita purofiti nekutenga izvi zvibatiso zvisirizvo uye kumirira kuti musika uone kukanganisa kwayo.
Mukuwedzera, kuongorora kwakakosha kunosanganisirawo kudzidza nezve manejimendi ekambani, ad yayo yemakwikwivantages, vakwikwidzi vayo, uye misika yainoshanda mairi. Rudzi urwu rweruzivo rwakadzama rwakakosha pakuita sarudzo dzekutengesa dzakanyatsodzidziswa.
Balance sheets, zvirevo zvemari, uye zvirevo zvekuyerera kwemari ndiwo magwaro anokosha anoshandiswa mukuongorora kwakakosha. Aya magwaro anopa mucherechedzo wehutano hwemari hwekambani uye anogona kubatsira traders tsvaga mikana yekudyara.
Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti ongororo yakakosha haisi yekungoita manhamba. Izvi zvinosanganisirawo ongororo yakanangana nemafambisirwo anoitwa kambani, kuzivikanwa kwemhando yayo, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvisingaverengeki.
Pakupedzisira, chinangwa chekuongorora kwakakosha ndechekuburitsa kukosha kwehuwandu hunogona kuenzaniswa nemuridzi wemari nemutengo wazvino wechengetedzo, nechinangwa chekuona kuti ndechipi chinzvimbo chekutora nechengetedzo iyoyo (pasi pemutengo = kutenga, yakawandisa = kutengesa kana kupfupika) .
Rangarira, ongororo yakakosha ingori nzira imwe yekuongorora mumatanda. Dzimwe nzira dzinosanganisira kuongororwa kwehunyanzvi uye kuongororwa kwehuwandu. Imwe neimwe nzira ine simba rayo uye utera uye inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nevamwe kuita sarudzo dzekutengesa dzine ruzivo.
Ongororo yakakosha chishandiso chine simba mune a trader's arsenal, asi senge chero chishandiso, chakangonaka semunhu arikushandisa. Zvinoda huwandu hwakakosha hwekutsvagisa uye kunzwisisa kwemisika yemari. Zvisinei, mibayiro yacho inogona kuva yakakura kune vaya vanoikwanisa.
Kunyangwe iwe uri akarongeka trader kana kungotanga kunze, kunzwisisa ongororo yakakosha kwakakosha pakubudirira kwako munyika yekutengesa. Haisi iyo pfungwa iri nyore kubata, asi nenguva uye nesimba, unogona kuve nehunyanzvi uye kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo rwekutengesa.
1.1. Tsanangudzo Yekuongorora Kwakakosha
chinokosha Analysis inzira yakazara yekunzwisisa kukosha kwemukati kwechengetedzo, ingave stock, bond, kana chinokosha. Iyi nzira yakadzika midzi mukutenda kuti chengetedzo chaiyo, yakakosha kukosha inogona kusagara ichiratidzira mutengo wazvino wemusika. Nekuchera zvakadzika mu data rezvemari, kusanganisira zvirevo zvemari, mashizha emari, uye marepoti ekuyerera kwemari, muongorori mukuru anoedza kuona kukosha kwechokwadi kwekambani.
Hazvisi zvenhamba chete, kunyange zvakadaro. Kuongorora kwakakosha kunosanganisirawo kutarisa kwakajeka pazvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa kukosha kwechengetedzo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira zvese kubva kumamiriro ehupfumi hwese, mafambiro eindasitiri, kusvika pakubudirira kwehutungamiriri hwekambani.
chinokosha Analysis inzira yekudyara kwenguva refu. Icho hachitsvage kuwana mari pakuchinja kwemusika munguva pfupi, asi kuti kuona mari inozokoshesa nekufamba kwenguva. Inyaya yekutenga danda mune ramangwana rekambani, kwete chete ikozvino.
Munyika yekutengeserana, kupi kukanganisa ndiyo chete inongogara iripo, ongororo yakakosha inoshanda segwara rekambasi traders kune inonzwika, yenguva refu investments. Haisi vimbiso yekubudirira, asi chishandiso chekuita sarudzo ine ruzivo uye kutonga ngozi mumusika usingatarisirwi.
Rangarira, chinangwa chekuongorora kwakakosha hachisi chekutevera musika, asi kuti unzwisise. Uye mukuita izvi, inopa simba traders kuita zvisarudzo zvisingabvi pafungidziro, asi pakutsvakurudza nekushingaira uye kufunga kwakanaka.
1.2. Kukosha Kwekuongorora Kwakakosha muKutengesa
Munzvimbo yekutengesa, kunyatsonzwisisa kwe fundamental analysis zvakangofanana nokuva nechombo chakavanzika. Inzira inodongorera mukati chaimo chekambani, ichiongorora hutano hwayo hwemari, nzvimbo yemakwikwi, uye mamiriro emusika wese. Iyi nzira, kunyangwe yakaoma, inobatsira pakuita sarudzo dzekutengesa dzine ruzivo.
Utano hwemari ndiwo musimboti wekambani chero ipi zvayo, uye kuongorora kwakakosha kunosanganisira kuongororwa zvine hungwaru kwemari yekambani. Izvi zvinosanganisira mashizha emari, mitsara yekuwana mari, uye zvirevo zvekuyerera kwemari. Nekudaro, traders inogona kuyera purofiti yekambani, mazinga echikwereti, uye kushanda zvakanaka, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu.
Competitive positioning chimwe chinhu chakakosha chekuongorora kwakakosha. Zvinosanganisira kunzwisisa kumira kwekambani muindasitiri yayo, mugove wayo wemusika, uye kushambadza kwayovantages kana kusadavantages. Ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakufanotaura kugona kwekambani kukura uye kuita purofiti mune ramangwana.
Uyezve, ongororo yakakosha inofungawo zvakakura mamiriro emusika. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira zviratidzo zvehupfumi, mafambiro eindasitiri, uye zviitiko zve geopolitical zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwekambani. Nekubatanidza ruzivo urwu muhurongwa hwavo hwekutengesa, traders inogona kutarisira zvirinani mafambiro emusika uye kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo.
Muchidimbu, kuongorora kwakakosha inzira yakazara inogonesa traders kuti unzwisise kwete kukosha kwekambani ikozvino, asi kukosha kwayo kweramangwana. Icho chishandiso chakakosha chenguva refu yekudyara nzira, asi zvakare inobatsira kune yenguva pfupi yekutengeserana sarudzo. Kuburikidza nekunzwisisa kwakasimba kwekuongorora kwakakosha, traders inogona kufamba zvirinani munyika yakaoma yekutengeserana, ichiita sarudzo dzisina kungoziviswa chete, asi dzakarongwa.
1.3. Musiyano Pakati PeKuongorora Kwakakosha uye Kuongorora Kwehunyanzvi
Izvo zvose fundamental analysis uye zvekushandisa ongororo maturusi akakosha mune arsenal yeese akabudirira trader, vanoswedera kumusika kubva pamaonero akasiyana. Ongororo yakakosha inotarisisa kukosha kwemukati kwechengetedzo, tichitarisa huwandu hwakawanda hwehupfumi uye hwemari zvinhu zvakaita semihoro yekambani, mamiriro eindasitiri, uye macroeconomic zviratidzo. Iro izano renguva refu rinovavarira kuona zvibatiso zvisina kukosheswa kana kuwandisa, uye zvinowanzofarirwa nevanoita mari vachitsvaga kukura kwenguva refu kana kukosha.
Nekune rimwe divi, ongororo yehunyanzvi ndeye kudzidza maitiro ehuwandu akaunganidzwa kubva mukutengesa zviitiko, sekufamba kwemutengo uye huwandu. Inoshanda pakutenda kuti nhoroondo yekutengesa chiitiko uye kuchinja kwemitengo kunogona kuva chiratidzo chakasimba chemaitiro emusika wemangwana. Vaongorori vehunyanzvi vanoshandisa machati uye zviratidzo kuona mapatani anogona kuratidza chiitiko chemunguva yemberi, zvichiita kuti ive yekuenda-kune zano renguva pfupi. traders uye zuva traders.
Musiyano wakakosha pakati pezviviri izvi ongororo uri panguva yakatarwa uye data ravanofunga. Kunyanya kuongorora inzira yemaitiro inoda kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwehutano hwemari, kukwikwidza advantage, uye misika mamiriro, apo zvekushandisa ongororo iri pamusoro pekuziva mapatani uye kushandisa maitiro enhamba kufanotaura mafambiro emangwana. Vose vane simba ravo uye utera hwavo, uye vanonyanya kubudirira traders shandisa musanganiswa wezvose zviri zviviri kuita zvine ruzivo rwekutengesa sarudzo.
2. Zvikamu zveKuongorora Kwakakosha
Kunzwisisa zvikamu zvekuongorora kwakakosha zvakangofanana nekuunganidza jigsaw puzzle. Chidimbu chimwe nechimwe chinopa maonero akasiyana emufananidzo wezvemari wekambani, uye kana akaiswa pamwechete, anopa maonero akazara ehutano hwayo hwose.
Chekutanga, pane zvinyorwa zvemari. Aya ndiwo emakambani Chiyero papepa, chirevo chemari, uye chirevo chekuyerera kwemari. Pepa remari rinoratidza kuti kambani ine (assets) uye zvikwereti (zvikwereti), gwaro remari rinoratidza kuti imarii yakaita nekushandisa nekambani kwenguva yakati, uye chirevo chekubuda kwemari chinoratidza kuti mari yekambani yakabva kupi uye kwayakaenda.
Zvadaro, heino muhoro pachikamu (EPS). Ichi chikamu chepurofiti yekambani inopihwa kune imwe neimwe yasara chikamu che common stock. EPS yepamusoro inowanzoratidza kambani inoita mari yakawanda, asi zvakakosha kuienzanisa nemamwe makambani ari muindasitiri imwe chete.
Zvadaro, tine mutengo-kune-mubairo (P/E) reshiyo. Iyi ireshiyo yekuyerwa kwemutengo wemasheya wekambani uchienzaniswa neEPS yayo. Chiyero chepamusoro cheP/E chinogona kureva kuti masheya ekambani akawandisa, kana kuti vatengesi vari kutarisira kukura kwakanyanya mune ramangwana.
Chimwe chikamu chakakosha ndeye dividend payout ratio. Izvi zvinoyera chikamu chemari inowanikwa iyo kambani inogovera kune vagovani vayo nenzira yezvikamu. Muyero wekubhadhara wakaderera unogona kuratidza kuti kambani iri kudzoreredza mihoro yayo mumikana yekukura.
Pakupedzisira, pane zviratidzo zvehupfumi. Aya mashoko anotaura nezvehutano hwehupfumi hwenyika. Vanogona kubva kune data yebasa uye inflation mitengo kuGDP uye kutengesa kwekutengesa. Izvi macroeconomic zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda kwekambani.
Chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu izvi inoita basa rakakosha mukuongorora kwakakosha, kupa traders nekunzwisisa kunodiwa kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo. Nekunzwisisa zvinhu izvi, traders inogona kuyera kukosha kwekambani uye kufanotaura mafambiro emitengo mune ramangwana.
2.1. Economic Indicators
Zviratidzo zvehupfumi ndiwo chinhu chakakosha chenyika yekutengeserana. Aya ndiwo manhamba anomiririra zvinhu zvehupfumi uye anogona kubatsira traders kufanotaura mafambiro emusika. Vanoburitswa nemasangano ehurumende nemasangano asiri kuita purofiti kuti vape mufananidzo wehutano hwehupfumi hwenyika.
Kune marudzi matatu makuru ezviratidzo zvehupfumi: kutungamira, kunonoka, uye kusangana. Zviratidzo zvinotungamira ndidzo dzinoshanduka hupfumi husati hwatanga kutevedzera imwe nzira. Izvo zvinoshandiswa kufanotaura kuchinja kwehupfumi, asi hazvisi nguva dzose zvakarurama. Mienzaniso yezviratidzo zvinotungamira zvinosanganisira kuita kwemusika wemasheya, mvumo yekuvaka, uye manzwiro evatengi.
Pane rimwe divi, lagging zviratidzo idzo dzinoshanduka mushure mekunge hupfumi hwatotanga kutevedzera maitiro. Kazhinji dzinoshandiswa kusimbisa kuti patani iri kuitika. Mienzaniso yezviratidzo zvekunonoka inosanganisira mazinga ekushaikwa kwemabasa uye purofiti yemakambani.
Coincident zviratidzo shanduko panguva imwe chete sehupfumi kana musika wemari. Zvinoshandiswa kuona mamiriro ehupfumi aripo iye zvino. Mienzaniso yezviratidzo zvakangoitika inosanganisira GDP, kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, uye mari yemunhu.
Kunzwisisa zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuva shanduko yemutambo traders. Vanogona kupa ruzivo rwakakosha mumafambiro emusika uye mikana yekudyara. Semuenzaniso, kana chiratidzo chinotungamira senge mvumo yekuvaka chiri kuwedzera, zvinogona kuratidza kuti indasitiri yekuvaka yave kuda kuwedzera. Iyi inogona kunge iri nguva yakanaka traders kuisa mari mumasheya ane chekuita nekuvaka.
Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuziva kuti zviratidzo zvehupfumi hazvifanirwe kushandiswa zvakazvimiririra. Vangori chishandiso chimwe mu trader's toolbox. Traders inofanirwawo kufunga zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita semisikanzwa, ongororo yehunyanzvi, uye zvakakosha zvekambani paunenge uchiita sarudzo dzekutengesa.
yeuka, kiyi yekubudirira kwekutengeserana hakusi kuvimba nechiratidzo chimwe chete kana nzira. Pane kudaro, shandisa musanganiswa wezvishandiso uye mazano ekuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo. Izvi zvichawedzera mikana yako yekubudirira munyika isina kugadzikana yekutengesa.
2.2. Zvinyorwa Zvemari
Understanding zvinyorwa zvemari chinhu chakakosha chekuongorora kwakakosha. Izvi zvirevo, izvo zvinosanganisira mabharanzi, zvirevo zvemari, uye mafambisirwo emari, zvinopa mufananidzo wakakwana wehutano hwemari hwekambani. Vanopa ruzivo rwakakosha mumidziyo yekambani, zvikwereti, mihoro, mari inoshandiswa, uye mafambiro emari, izvo zvese zviri zvinhu zvakakosha pakuona kukosha kwekambani.
Balance machira tsanangura midziyo yekambani, zvikwereti, uye kuenzana kwevanogovana. Assets inomiririra zvese zvine kambani, nepo zvikwereti zvichiratidza izvo kambani ine chikwereti. Musiyano uripo pakati pemidziyo nezvikwereti wakaenzana nevevaridzi vemasheya, zvichiratidza kukosha kwekambani.
Zvinyorwa zvemari, inozivikanwawo se purofiti uye kurasikirwa zvirevo, inoratidza mihoro yekambani, mutengo, uye purofiti pane yakatarwa nguva. Iyo inotanga nemari yakawanda yekambani, inobvisa mutengo wezvinhu zvinotengeswa (COGS) kuti isvike pamari yakawandisa. Zvadaro, inobvisa mari yekushandisa, mutero, uye mubereko kuti ione mari inowanwa. Iyo mambure mari inotaridza kukosha kwekambani kuita purofiti.
Mari inoyerera zvirevo ratidza kuti kambani inogadzira uye inoshandisa mari sei pane imwe nguva. Inokamura kuyerera kwemari muzvikamu zvitatu: mashandiro, kudyara, uye mari. Kuyerera kwemari kwakanaka kubva kumabasa kunoratidza kuti kambani iri kuunza mari yakakwana kubva kumabasa ayo ekutanga ebhizinesi.
Nekuongorora aya masitatimendi emari, traders inogona kuongorora kugadzikana kwemari yekambani, kugona kukura, uye kuita purofiti. Izvi, zvakare, zvinogona kuvabatsira kuita zvisarudzo zvine ruzivo nezvekutenga kana kutengesa masheya ekambani. Rangarira, kunzwisisa kwakasimba kwezvirevo zvemari ndiyo musimboti wekubudirira kwakakosha kuongorora.
2.3. Kutungamira kwekambani uye kukwikwidza chinzvimbo
Munzvimbo yekutengeserana, kunzwisisa manejimendi ekambani uye chinzvimbo chayo chemakwikwi ndicho chakakosha. Ruzivo urwu runogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya sarudzo dzako dzekudyara uye hurongwa hwese hwekutengesa. Hutungamiri hwekambani ndiyo huropi hwesangano. Iyo ine basa rekuita sarudzo dzakakosha dzinotungamira kukura kwekambani uye kuita purofiti. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti traders kuongorora rekodhi rekodhi revatungamiriri, ruzivo rwavo, uye kugona kwavo kuita sarudzo.
Chikwata chine manejimendi chine ruzivo rwekuita sarudzo dzemari zvine mutsindo chinogona kuve chiratidzo chakasimba chekubudirira kwekambani. Kune rimwe divi, timu yekutungamira ine nhoroondo yekutadza kuita sarudzo inogona kuve mureza mutsvuku. Ichi ndicho chikonzero zvakakosha kuongorora mishumo yegore yekambani, kuburitswa kwenhau, uye rumwe ruzivo rweveruzhinji kuti uongorore mashandiro emanejimendi.
Kambani yacho nzvimbo yemakwikwi mumusika chimwe chinhu chakakosha chekufunga nezvacho pakuongorora kwakakosha. Inoreva kumira kwekambani kune vakwikwidzi vayo. Kambani ine chinzvimbo chakasimba chemakwikwi kazhinji ine yakasarudzika yekutengesa proposition (USP), yakavimbika mutengi base, yakasimba yekugovera cheni, kana yepamusoro tekinoroji inoipa mupendero pamusoro pevakwikwidzi vayo.
Nekuongorora nzvimbo yekukwikwidza yekambani, traders inogona kuwana ruzivo rwekugona kwekambani kubudirira kwenguva refu. Chinzvimbo chemakwikwi chakasimba chinogona kuratidza kugona kwekambani kugadzira purofiti, nepo nzvimbo isina simba yekukwikwidza inogona kuratidza zvinopesana. Naizvozvo, traders inofanirwa kutarisisa kune chikamu chemusika chekambani, nzira dzayo dzemakwikwi, uye mamiriro emakwikwi eindastiri.
Muchidimbu, kunzwisisa manejimendi ekambani uye chinzvimbo chemakwikwi inhanho yakakosha pakuongorora kwakakosha. Inopa traders vane ruzivo rwakakosha runogona kuvabatsira kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo rwekudyara. Saka, usatarise chikamu ichi chekuongorora kwako kwakakosha. Dzvanya mukati mekutungamira kwekambani uye chinzvimbo chemakwikwi kuti uvhure mikana yekutengeserana.
3. Kushanda Kushanda Kwekuongorora Kwakakosha
Kunyanya kuongorora chishandiso chakakosha kune chero trader kutsvaga kuita zvisarudzo zvine ruzivo. Iyi nzira yekuongorora inotarisa zvakadzama muhutano hwemari hwekambani, kudzidza zvese kubva pamihoro mishumo kusvika pamusika chinzvimbo, kuongorora kukosha kwayo kwemukati. Kusiyana nekuongorora kwehunyanzvi, iyo inotarisa pamatengo emitengo uye mafambiro, ongororo yakakosha inotsvaga kunzwisisa izvo zvinofambisa maitiro iwayo.
Iko kushandiswa kunoshanda kwekuongorora uku kunotanga nekunzwisisa kwekambani zvinyorwa zvemari. Izvi zvinosanganisira balance sheet, mari yekuwana, uye cash flow statement. Vanopa hupfumi hweruzivo nezvezvinhu zvekambani, zvikwereti, mari, uye kubuda kwemari. Nekuongorora zvinhu izvi, unogona kuyera hutano hwemari hwekambani uye mukana wayo wekukura mune ramangwana.
Kuongorora kwechiyero chimwe chinhu chakakosha chekuongorora kwakakosha. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuenzanisa zviyero zvakasiyana zvemari kuti unzwisise mashandiro ekambani. Zvimwe zviyero zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinosanganisira Price/Earnings (P/E), Return on Equity (ROE), uye Debt/Equity (D/E). Aya mareshiyo anogona kupa ruzivo mukubudirira kwekambani, kushanda kwayo, uye kugadzikana kwemari.
Kuongorora kwemaindasitiri chimwe chinhu chakakosha. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudzidza indasitiri umo kambani inoshanda, kusanganisira vakwikwidzi vayo, mafambiro emusika, uye mamiriro ehupfumi hwese. Nekunzwisisa zvinhu izvi, unogona kufanotaura zvirinani kuti shanduko muindasitiri inogona kukanganisa kuita kwekambani.
Zviratidzo zvehupfumi zvakare chikamu chakakosha chekuongorora kwakakosha. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira data pamusoro pekukwira kwemitengo, kushayikwa kwemabasa, kukura kweGDP, nezvimwe. Izvi zviratidzo zvinogona kupa ruzivo rwehutano hwese hwehupfumi, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda kwekambani.
Muchidimbu, kushandiswa kunoshanda kwekuongorora kwakakosha kunosanganisira kuongororwa kwemari yekambani, indasitiri yayo, uye hupfumi hwakakura. Nekunzwisisa nzvimbo idzi, traders vanogona kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo uye zvinogona kuvandudza mhedzisiro yavo yekutengesa.
3.1. Matanho Ekuita Kuongorora Kwakakosha
Danho Rokutanga: Ongororo Yehupfumi ndiko kwaunotanga rwendo rwako kupinda munyika yeFundamental Analysis. Pano, iwe unoongorora mamiriro ehupfumi hwese, uchitarisa zviratidzo zvakaita seGDP, kushaya mabasa, uye inflation. Izvi macroeconomic zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mamiriro ekutengesa, uye kuzvinzwisisa kunogona kukupa iwe hwaro hwakasimba hwesarudzo dzako dzekudyara.
Nhanho Yechipiri: Kuongorora kweIndasitiri inokutora iwe zvakadzama mune zvakanangana. Mune ino nhanho, iwe unotarisa kune indasitiri yeasset yauri kufunga nezvayo trade. Nekudzidza mafambiro eindastiri, saizi yemusika, mwero wekukura, uye kukwikwidza, unogona kuyera mukana wekugona kwechikamu chaunosarudza.
Danho rechitatu: Kuongorora kwekambani ndiro danho rekupedzisira uye rakadzama. Pano, iwe unotarisa muhutano hwemari yekambani, kuongorora zvinyorwa zvemari, mishumo yemihoro, uye kufanotaura kwemari. Iwe unozoongorora zvakare manejimendi ekambani timu, marongero avo, uye yavo yekuita track rekodhi.
Usakanganwa: Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti nepo Fundamental Analysis inogona kupa ruzivo rwakakosha, haisi fungidziro yekufanotaura kwemangwana. Icho chishandiso chekukubatsira kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo, asi inofanira kushandiswa pamwe chete nezvimwe zvokutengeserana nzira kuti uwedzere mikana yako yekubudirira.
3.2. Zvishandiso zveKuongorora Kwakakosha
Kunyanya kuongorora ibwe rekona rekutengesa kwakabudirira, uye kuti ugone kuzviita, iwe unozoda maturusi akakodzera. Chimwe chezvishandiso zvakakosha zvekuongorora kwakakosha ndeye chirevo chemari. Iri igwaro rakakosha rinopa tarisiro yakazara yehutano hwemari hwekambani. Inosanganisira chirevo chemari, pepa remari, uye chirevo chekuyerera kwemari, izvo zvinopa ruzivo mukubudirira kwekambani, kugadzikana kwemari, uye liquidity azvaitwa.
Zviratidzo zvehupfumi chimwe chishandiso chinokosha. Izvi zvinosanganisira data rakaita seGDP, kushaikwa kwemabasa, uye mitengo yemitengo, iyo inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mafambiro emusika uye kuita kwemakambani ega. Izvi zviratidzo zvinogona kubatsira traders kufanotaura mafambiro emusika uye kuita sarudzo dzekutengesa dzine ruzivo.
Zvishandiso zvekuongorora masheya akakoshawo pakuongorora kwakakosha. Vanobatsira traders kusefa masheya zvichienderana nemaitiro akadai semusika capitalization, P/E reshiyo, goho remugove, nezvimwe. Izvi zvinobvumira traders kuti vaone mikana yekudyara inoenderana nehurongwa hwavo hwekutengesa.
Nhau dzekambani uye zviitiko inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mutengo wemari yekambani. Naizvozvo, kugara uchigadziridzwa nenhau dzichangoburwa nezvekambani, senge mihoro mishumo, kutangwa kwechigadzirwa, uye shanduko mune manejimendi, kwakakosha.
Pakupedzisira, analytical software uye mapuratifomu inogona kurerutsa zvakanyanya nzira yekuongorora yakakosha. Ivo vanopa nyore kuwana kune hupfumi hwe data, akaomesesa ekuongorora maturusi, uye epamusoro machati kugona. Izvi zvinobvumira traders kuongorora data zvakanyanya uye kuita nekukurumidza, sarudzo dzine ruzivo.
Rangarira, kugona ongororo yakakosha haisi nzira yehusiku humwe chete. Zvinoda kushivirira, kudzidzira, uye kuramba uchidzidza. Asi nemidziyo yakakodzera uye kuzvipira, inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kutengeserana kwako kuita.
3.3. Kunogumira Pakuongorora Kwakakosha
apo fundamental analysis yakaratidza kuva chishandiso chinoshanda mu trader's arsenal, haina miganhu yayo. Rimwe rematambudziko makuru nderekuti zvinoda nguva yakawanda nesimba kuunganidza, kududzira, nekuongorora ruzivo rwese rwunodiwa. Iri rinogona kuve basa rinotyisa, kunyanya kune vanotanga kutengesa vangave vasati vagadzira hunyanzvi hunodiwa kana hwaro hweruzivo.
Uyezve, fundamental analysis inonyanyovakirwa paruzivo rweruzhinji, izvo zvinoreva kuti haifungi nezve chero ruzivo rwusina kuziviswa kana rwemukati. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira mukuwongorora kusiri kwechokwadi kana kusakwana, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwesarudzo dzako dzekutengesa.
Imwe ganhuriro ichokwadi chokuti fundamental analysis inonyanya kuzviisa pasi. Vaongorori vakasiyana vanogona kududzira data rimwechete nenzira dzakasiyana, zvichitungamira kune mhedziso dzakasiyana. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti zviome kumisa nzira yakajeka uye inowirirana, kunyanya kune avo vatsva pakutengesa.
Uyezve, the fundamental analysis inoshanda pafungidziro yekuti musika ucharatidza kukosha kwemukati kwemasheya mukufamba kwenguva. Zvisinei, izvi zvingasave zvakadaro nguva dzose, kunyanya mumisika isina kusimba kana isina musoro.
Pakupedzisira, zvakakodzera kucherechedza izvozvo fundamental analysis inowanzoisa pfungwa pamaitiro ekutsvaga mari kwenguva refu. Kunyange izvi zvichigona kubatsira kune avo vari kutsvaga kuvaka portfolio inoenderera, inogona kunge isinga shande kune traders avo vanonyanya kufarira kuwana kwenguva pfupi.
4. Yakakosha Ongororo yeMarudzi Akasiyana Emisika
Kunzwisisa ongororo yakakosha yakakosha kune chero trader, zvisinei nemusika wavanoshanda nawo. Zvinosanganisira kuongorora kukosha kwemukati kweasset kuburikidza nekuongorora zvinoenderana nehupfumi, mari, uye humwe hutano uye huwandu.
Forex traders kazhinji shandisa ongororo yakakosha kuona kusimba kwemari. Vanoongorora macroeconomic zviratidzo zvakadai seGDP kukura kwehuwandu, inflation, mari yekuda, uye kunyange kugadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika. Semuenzaniso, nyika ine hupfumi hwakasimba uye kugadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika inogona kunge iine mari yakasimba. Kune rumwe rutivi, kusagadzikana kwezvemari kana mhirizhonga yezvematongerwe enyika inogona kuderedza mari.
unganidza traders, nerumwe rutivi, ongorora zvakadzama muzvinyorwa zvemari zvekambani, kuongorora zvinhu zvakaita semihoro, mari, kubuda kwemari, uye chikwereti. Ivo zvakare vanofunga nezvemaindasitiri maitiro uye mamiriro emusika. Semuenzaniso, kambani ine kukura kwakasimba kwemari uye chikwereti chakaderera-ku-equity ratio inogona kunge iri mari yakanaka, kunyanya kana ichishanda muindasitiri inokura.
chinokosha traders inofanira kutarisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira kupa uye kudiwa simba, mamiriro ekunze, uye geopolitical zviitiko. Semuenzaniso, kusanaya kwemvura kwakanyanya kunogona kuderedza goho, zvichikonzera kukwira kwemitengo yezvinhu zvekurima. Saizvozvo, kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika munyika inogadzira oiri huru kunogona kukanganisa kuwanikwa, zvichiita kuti mitengo yemafuta ikwire.
Cryptocurrency traders shandisawo ongororo yakakosha, asi zvinhu zvavanofunga zvakasiyana kune yedhijitari asset nzvimbo. Izvi zvinosanganisira tekinoroji kuseri kwecryptocurrency, nyaya yekushandiswa kwayo, timu iri shure kwayo, uye kuvandudzwa kwemitemo. Semuenzaniso, cryptocurrency ine nyaya yekushandisa yakasimba, timu inokwanisa, uye kuvandudza kwakanaka kwekutonga kunogona kunge kuri kudyara kwakanaka.
Rangarira, nepo ongororo yakakosha ichigona kupa ruzivo rwakakosha, haisi vimbiso yekubudirira. Ingori chishandiso chimwe chete mu a trader's toolbox. Kuibatanidza nekuongorora kwehunyanzvi uye kutonga kwenjodzi kunogona kuwedzera mikana yako yekubudirira mumusika.
4.1. Stock Market
The Stock Market dandemutande rakaomarara remikana nematambudziko, rwendo rwunofadza kune avo vanotsunga kunzwisisa mashandiro aro. Ipuratifomu iyo makambani anotengesa zvikamu zvebhizinesi ravo kukwidza mari, uye traders tenga zvikamu izvi netariro yekuwana purofiti. Musika wemasheya isangano rinoshanduka-shanduka, nemitengo inochinja-chinja zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezvinhu.
Kunyanya kuongorora inzira inoshandiswa ne traders kuona kukosha kwemukati kwestock. Zvinosanganisira kuongorora mari yekambani, chinzvimbo cheindasitiri, uye mamiriro emusika kufanotaura mafambiro emutengo mune ramangwana. Ongororo iyi inogona kuva chishandiso chinobatsira traders kutsvaga kutenga masheya asina kukosheswa kana kutengesa akanyanya kuwanda.
Zvinyorwa zvemari ndiwo chingwa nebhata chekuongorora kwakakosha. Vanopa mufananidzo wehutano hwemari hwekambani, kusanganisira zvinhu zvayo, zvikwereti, mari, uye mari. Traders ongorora magwaro aya kuti vaongorore kuita kwekambani purofiti, liquidity, uye solvency.
Indasitiri chinzvimbo inoitawo basa rakakosha mukuongorora kwakakosha. Nzvimbo yekambani mukati meindasitiri yayo inogona kuratidza kushambadzira kwayovantage uye mukana wekukura. Traders kazhinji inofananidza kuita kwekambani nevakwikwidzi vayo kuti ione kusimba kwayo kwemusika.
Mamiriro emusika chimwe chinhu chakakosha pakuongorora kwakakosha. Zvinosanganisira mamiriro ehupfumi hwese, kusanganisira mafambiro emabasa, inflation, uye mitengo yezvibereko. Hupfumi hwakasimba hunowanzo gara zvakanaka kumakambani mazhinji, nepo hupfumi husina kusimba hunogona kuperetera dambudziko.
Ongororo yakakosha haisi nzira yehupenzi, asi inogona kupa ruzivo rwakakosha kune traders. Iro idanho rakaomarara rinoda kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwemusika wemasheya uye zvakawanda zvakasiyana. Asi nemoyo murefu uye nekushingaira, inogona kuva chishandiso chine simba mu trader's arsenal.
4.2. Forex musika
The Forex musika, inozivikanwawo semusika wekuchinjana kune dzimwe nyika, inzvimbo yekutengeserana yepasi rose iyo mari inotengwa nekutengeswa. Ndiwo musika mukuru uye wemvura zhinji pasi rose, uine avhareji yemazuva ese yekutengesa inodarika madhora mazana mashanu emadhora. The Forex musika unoshanda maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva mashanu pasvondo, zvichiita kuti iwanike traders munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenguva kutenderera pasirese.
Kunzwisisa kuti iyo Forex musika unoshanda yakakosha kune traders vanoshandisa ongororo yakakosha. Iyi mhando yekuongorora inosanganisira kuongorora zviratidzo zvehupfumi hwenyika, semitengo yemitengo, kukura kweGDP, uye data yebasa, kufanotaura mafambiro emari. Kana hupfumi hwenyika hwasimba, mari yayo inowanzosimba ichipikisana nedzimwe mari. Ukuwo, kana hupfumi husina kusimba, mari yahwo inowanzoderera.
Trading mu Forex musika inoda kunzwisisa kwakadzika kwezviratidzo zvehupfumi uye kuti zvinokanganisa sei mari yemari. Somuenzaniso, kukwira kwemhindu yenyika kunogona kukwezva vatengesi vokune dzimwe nyika, kuchitungamirira kukuwedzera kwoukoshi hwemari yenyika iyoyo. Sezvineiwo, kudzikira kwemari yemubereko kunogona kukonzera kudzikira kwemari.
Mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika inogonawo kukanganisa Forex market. Kuchinja kwehurumende, kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika, uye zviitiko zvezvematongerwo enyika zvinogona kutungamirira mukusagadzikana kwemari yemari. Traders vanoshandisa ongororo yakakosha vanofanirwa kugara vaine ruzivo nezve zviitiko zvepasi rose uye kunzwisisa kuti izvi zvingaite sei Forex musika.
Matanho ekutengesa mu Forex musika kazhinji inosanganisira musanganiswa weakakosha uye hunyanzvi ongororo. Nepo ongororo yakakosha yakanangana nezviratidzo zvehupfumi uye zviitiko zvepasirese, kuongororwa kwehunyanzvi kunosanganisira kudzidza machati emitengo uye kushandisa matanho ehuwandu kufanotaura mafambiro emitengo mune ramangwana. Nekushandisa mhando mbiri dzekuongorora, traders vanogona kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo uye kuwedzera mikana yavo yekubudirira mu Forex musika.
4.3. Commodity Market
The commodity market chinhu chakakosha chekuongorora kwakakosha, chinopa hupfumi hwemikana ye traders. Musika uyu une mhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa, kubva kumatare anokosha senge goridhe uye sirivha kune zvigadzirwa zvekurima sechibage uye gorosi. Chigadzirwa chega chega chine seti yayo yezvinhu zvinopesvedzera mutengo wayo, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha traders kuti unzwisise masimba aya.
Kudiwa uye kupa ndivo vatyairi vakakosha mumusika wezvigadzirwa. Semuenzaniso, kana kusanaya kwemvura kukakanganisa goho, chibage chinodzikira asi chinodiwa chinoramba chiripo. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anowanzo konzera kukwira kwemitengo yechibage. Saizvozvo, kana tekinoroji nyowani ikawedzera kugona kwegoridhe rekuchera, kupihwa kwegoridhe kunowedzera, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuderera kwemutengo wayo kana kudiwa kukaramba kuchienderera.
Zvirongwa zvemwaka vanoitawo basa rakakosha mumusika wezvigadzirwa. Zvizhinji zvekurima zvekurima, semuenzaniso, zvine mwaka yekukura iyo inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kugovera kwavo uye, nekudaro, mitengo yavo. Traders vanonzwisisa mapatani aya vanogona kutarisira shanduko yemitengo uye kuita sarudzo dzekutengesa dzine ruzivo.
Zviitiko zvezvematongerwo enyika inogonawo kuva nemigumisiro inokosha pa mitengo yezvinhu. Hondo, trade kukakavara, uye shanduko mumitemo yehurumende inogona kushandura kugovera uye kudiwa kwemasimba ezvigadzirwa. Somuenzaniso, a trade embargo munyika inova mugadziri mukuru weoiri inogona kutungamira mukukwira kwemitengo yemafuta.
Macroeconomic zviratidzo senge GDP kukura kwemitengo, inflation, uye mitengo yemubereko inogona kukanganisa mitengo yezvinhu zvakare. Semuenzaniso, munguva dzekukwira kwemitengo kwakakwira, vatengesi vanowanzo tendeukira kuzvinhu zvakaita segoridhe sechitoro cheukoshi, vachikwidza mitengo yavo.
Mumusika wezvinhu, traders inogona kushandisa ramangwana zvibvumirano kufungidzira mafambiro emitengo kana kuti ruzhowa pamusoro pezvinogona kuchinja mutengo. Izvi zvibvumirano zvinobvumira traders kutenga kana kutengesa huwandu hwakati hwechinhu nemutengo wakafanotarwa pazuva rinouya. Nekunzwisisa zvinhu zvakakosha zvinopesvedzera mitengo yezvinhu, traders inogona kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo kana uchitengesa zvibvumirano zveramangwana.
Musika wezvigadzirwa inzvimbo yakaoma uye ine simba. Zvinoda kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwezvinhu zvakawanda, kubva pamamiriro ekunze kusvika kune zviitiko zve geopolitical. Asi kune avo vanoda kuisa munguva uye nesimba kuti vanzwisise aya masimba, musika wezvigadzirwa unopa hupfumi hwemikana yekuita purofiti uye. diversification.
